Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Which 3 places is stereocilia found?

Answer 1

epididymis, inner ear, and ductus deferens

Question 2

State the difference between endothelium and mesothelium

Answer 2

Endothelium lines blood vessels; mesothelium lines the body cavities (pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum)

Question 3

What is the main difference between serosa and mucosa?

Answer 3

Serosa attaches to the basement membrane so is underneath the epithelial cells; mucosa lies on the topmost layer

Question 4

State 3 differences between microvilli and stereocilia

Answer 4

1. microvilli has a villin cap but stereocilia doesn’t
2. stereocilia are much longer than microvilli
3. microvilli connects to the plasma membrane via myosin 1; stereocilia connects via ezrin
4. microvilli found in most epithelial cells; stereocilia found in few locations

Question 5

How do stereocilia develop?

Answer 5

1. LATERAL addition of actin filaments

2. elongation of actin filaments

Question 6

State 6 locations of motile cilia.

Answer 6

1. sperm cells as flagella
2. oviduct
3. trachea
4. bronchial tree
5. olfactory
6. brain ependyma (forms lining of brain and spinal cord canal)

Question 7

What are the 2 main functions of motile cilia?

Answer 7

1. transport cell secretions

2. sperm propulsion

Question 8

Which type of cilia on average is the shortest?

Answer 8

primary/monocilia

Question 9

True or false: Primary cilia is motile

Answer 9

false

primary cilia is immotile

Question 10

How are the core microtubules arranged in motile versus primary cilia?

Answer 10

Motile cilia –> 9 + 2 arrangement

Primary cilia –> 9 + 0 arrangement

Question 11

State the function of a basal body.

Answer 11

anchor cilia to apical cell cytoplasm

Question 12

Another name for basal body is …

Answer 12

microtubule-organizing center

Question 13

Define epithelium

Answer 13

a layer of cells (single or stratified) that lines the external surfaces of body structures and the lumen hollow organs and cavities in the body

Question 14

Function of simple cuboidal epithelium.

Answer 14

secretion and absoprtion

Question 15

True or false: the large intestine has microvilli

Answer 15

False. It’s the small intestine

Question 16

Define mesothelium

Answer 16

Epithelium that lines body cavities ex: pericardum, pleural, and peritoneum cavities

Question 17

Mesothelium is what type of epithelium?

Answer 17

simple squamous

Question 18

Define epithelioid tissue

Answer 18

Cells that are closely packed and lack an apical surface

Question 19

Where epithelioid tissue found

Answer 19

adrenal glands parenchyma
corpus luteum cells
interstitial cells of Leydig
Islets of langerhans in pancreas

Question 20

Define parenchyma

Answer 20

The functional part of an organ or tissue

Question 21

Myoepithelium

Answer 21

cells found directly beneath glandular cells above their basement membrane
ex: salivary glands, mammary glands

Question 22

Serosa

Answer 22

a membrane composed of simple squamous epithelium covered by sparse connective tissue, lining the organs and cavities of the body

line body cavities that do not open directly to the outside

Question 23

Adventitia

Answer 23

a layer of loose connective tissue (fibrous and/or adipose) covering the external surface of an organ, serving to hold the organ in place and bind it to adjacent tissues and organs. It has no epithelial layer and no distinct boundary

Question 24

Lamina propria

Answer 24

a thin layer of loose areolar connective tissue, which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium and basement membrane constitutes the mucosa