Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

What is Epithelium?

Answer 1

a type of body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs and is the major tissue in glands

Question 2

name 2 types of epithelium.

Answer 2

lining
glandular

Question 3

give some Functions of Epithelium.

Answer 3

Epithelium creates a selective barrier
between the external environment and the
underlying connective tissue.
* secretion
* absorption,
* transportation,
* protection,
* receptor function

Question 4

classify epithelium based on cell shape.

Answer 4

Squamous = flat
Cuboidal = cube
Columnar = rectangular (column)
Transitional = ability to change shape

Question 5

classify epithelium based on cell layers.

Answer 5

Simple = one layer
Stratified = more than one layer

Pseudostratified = false layered (appears to be more than one
layer, but only one);

Question 6

what are ciliated cells?

Answer 6

Ciliated cells have cilia on their free surface that help to move substances

Question 7

what are Secretory cells?

Answer 7

they secrete substances onto the surface of cell sheet

Question 8

define basement membrane.

Answer 8

thin, dense layer of extracellular matrix that lines most human tissues forming the supporting structure

Question 9

name the 2 laminas, basement membrane is made up of?

Answer 9

basal lamina, reticular lamina

Question 10

what is Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 10

• a single layer of thin, flattened cells
• easily damaged

Question 11

what is Simple squamous epithelium involved in?

Answer 11

filtration, diffusion,
osmosis,

Question 12

what is Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 12

single layer of cube-shaped cells

Question 13

what is Simple cuboidal epithelium involved in?

Answer 13

secretion and absorption

Question 14

what is Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 14

single layer of cells that are longer than they
are wide

Question 15

what is Simple columnar epithelium involved in?

Answer 15

• ciliated or nonciliated
• some have microvilli
• goblet cells = secrete mucus
• absorption, secretion, protection

Question 16

what is Pseudostratified columnar
epithelium

Answer 16

“Pseudostratified” is a term applied to epithelia that
appear to be stratified (because have nuclei at various
levels), but in which all component cells reach the base of
the epithelium and are attached to the underlying
basement membrane.

Question 17

what is Pseudostratified columnar
epithelium involved in?

Answer 17

secretion of mucus, propulsion pf mucus by ciliary action

Question 18

what is Stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 18

• many layers of flattened cells

Question 19

what is Stratified cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 19

2 or 3 layers of cuboidal cells

Question 20

transitional epithelium can change shape, stretch and distend. true or false?

Answer 20

true

Question 21

what is Epithelial Metaplasia?

Answer 21

Definition. A morphologic finding that refers to the replacement of a group of one type of epithelial cells (e.g., glandular epithelial cells) to another type of epithelial cells (e.g., squamous epithelial cells).

Question 22

name apical specializations?

Answer 22

microvilli
stereocilia
cilia

Question 23

what are microvilli?

Answer 23

Fingerlike cytoplasmic projections

Question 24

microvilli increase the surface area for absorption. True or false?

Answer 24

true

Question 25

give the structure of microvilli

Answer 25

The internal structure of microvilli contains a core
of actin filaments that are cross linked by several
actin bundling proteins (fimbrin)

Question 26

what are stereocilia?

Answer 26

microvilli of unusual length

Question 27

what are cilia?

Answer 27

cytoplasmic processes containing bundle
of microtubules.

Question 28

classify cilia?

Answer 28

• Motile cilia
• Primary cilia (monocilia)
• Nodal cilia