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Anatomy > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The study of joints is called?

A

Arthrology

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2
Q

Which best describes a joint?
Connection of bone with bone
Connection of bone with cartilage
Connection of cartilage with the cartilage
All of the above

A

All of the above

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3
Q

Which one of the following is the function of a joint?
to allow movement
to facilitate growth
to transmit forces while doing movement
All of the above

A

All of the above

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4
Q

All joints allow movement.
Is this true or false?

A

False

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5
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?
Joints allow a stable connection
Joints allow slight movement
Joints allow free movement
All of the above

A

All of the above

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6
Q

Name the type of joint that provides a stable connection between 2 bones and no movement.

A

Fibrous joint

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7
Q

Name the type of joint that allows slight movement between 2 or more bones.

A

Cartilaginous joint

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8
Q

Name the type of joint that allows free movement between 2 or more bones.

A

Synovial joint.

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9
Q

Is a fibrous joint a cavitated or non-cavitated joint?

A

Non-cavitated

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10
Q

Is a cartilaginous joint a cavitated or non-cavitated joint?

A

Non-cavitated

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11
Q

Is a synovial joint a cavitated or non-cavitated joint?

A

Cavitated

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12
Q

In which joint the bones are held together by a fibrous connective tissue?

A

Fibrous Joint

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13
Q

In which joint the bones are held together by articulating cartilage?

A

Cartilaginous joint

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14
Q

What is the major component of fibrous tissue?
1. Protein
2. Fat
3. Collagen
4. Glucose

A

collagen

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15
Q

Suture is a:
1. fibrous joint
2. cartilaginous joint
3. synovial joint
4. all of the above

A

fibrous joint

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16
Q

What type of joint is present between the radius and ulna?
1. suture
2. gomphosis
3. syndesmosis
4. symphyses

A

syndesmosis

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17
Q

what type of joint is present between the tibia and fibula?
1. syndesmosis
2. synovial joint
3. cartilaginous joint
4. none

A

syndesmosis

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18
Q

A sutural ligament is made up of 2 things. Can you name them?

A

Periosteum plus fibrous connective tissue

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19
Q

Define craniosynostosis.

A

early ossification and fusion of sutures of the bones of the skull.

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20
Q

tooth in its bony socket is an example of which joint?
1. gomphosis
2. syndesmosis
3. symphysis
4. none of the above

A

gomphosis

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21
Q

name the 3 types of cartilage found in the human body.

A

elastic cartilage, hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage.

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22
Q

what are primary cartilaginous joints?

A

containing hyaline cartilage.

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23
Q

what are secondary cartilaginous joints?

A

containing fibrocartilage.

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24
Q

give an example of synchondrosis (hyaline cartilaginous joint).

A

costal cartilage at an early age.

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25
Q

give 2 examples of symphyses (fibrocartilaginous joint).

A

manubrium and body of sternum, symphysis pubis, and intervertebral discs.

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26
Q

which plane divides the body into the upper and lower half?

A

transverse plane

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27
Q

which plane divides the body into the anterior and posterior parts?

A

coronal plane

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28
Q

which plane divides the body into left and right halves?

A

sagittal plane

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29
Q

flexion and extension are around which axis?

A

transverse axis

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30
Q

abduction and adduction are around which axis?

A

sagittal axis

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31
Q

medial and lateral rotation is around which axis?

A

vertical axis

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32
Q

Moving the limb away from the median plane is called?

A

abduction

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33
Q

Moving the limb toward the median plane is called?

A

adduction

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34
Q

movement of a body along its long axis is called?

A

rotation

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35
Q

A combination movement when a part is successively moved through flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction is called?

A

circumduction

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36
Q

in anatomical position, the hands are supinated or pronated?

A

supinated

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37
Q

foot turned inward is called?

A

inversion

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38
Q

foot turned outward is called?

A

eversion

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39
Q

moving the foot toward the leg is called?

A

dorsiflexion

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40
Q

moving the foot away from the leg is called?

A

plantar flexion

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41
Q

Synovial joints are freely movable joints. true or false?

A

true

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42
Q

which capsule surrounds a synovial joint?

A

synovial capsule

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43
Q

can you name the 2 parts of the synovial capsule?

A

outer fibrous capsule and inner synovial membrane

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44
Q

synovial fluid is produced by which structure?

A

synovial membrane

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45
Q

which is the most important component of synovial fluid?

A

hyaluronic acid

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46
Q

define hiltons law.

A

the same nerve supplying the joint, skin over the joint and the muscle over the joint.

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47
Q

classify synovial joints according to complexity?

A

simple, compound, complex.

48
Q

classify synovial joints according to freedom of movement?

A

uniaxial, biaxial and multiaxial.

49
Q

name 7 types of synovial joints classified on basis of shape?

A

Plane joints
Hinge joints
Pivot joints
Bicondylar joints
Ellipsoid Joint
Sellar joint
Ball and socket joint

50
Q

define simple joint.

A

having just 2 articulating surfaces.

51
Q

give example of simple joint.

A

shoulder joint.

52
Q

define compound joint.

A

more than 2 articulating surfaces.

53
Q

give example of compound joint

A

elbow joint

54
Q

define complex joint.

A

A joint having an articular disc or meniscus

55
Q

give examples of complex joint.

A

Knee joint
(menisci)
sternoclavicular joint
(articular disc)

56
Q

give example of uniaxial joint.

A

interphalangeal joints

57
Q

give example of biaxial joint

A

wrist joint

58
Q

give example of multiaxial joint

A

shoulder joint

59
Q

define a plane joint.

A

articulating bony surfaces are almost plane or flat.

60
Q

give an example of the plane joint.

A

intermetatarsal joint

61
Q

define a hinge joint.

A

convex surface fits into concave surface of bone.

62
Q

give an example of the hinge joint.

A

elbow joint, interphalangeal joint

63
Q

define pivot joint.

A

a cylinder-shaped bone rotates inside another bone that forms a ring around the joint.

64
Q

give example of pivot joint.

A

superior radioulnar joint

65
Q

define bicondylar joint.

A

two distinct surfaces on one bone articulate with corresponding distinct surfaces on another bone.

66
Q

give example of bicondylar joint.

A

knee joint.

67
Q

define ellipsoid joint.

A

allows movements in all angular motions

68
Q

give example of ellipsoid joint.

A

wrist joint

69
Q

define saddle joint.

A

articulating surfaces are completely curved resembling those of a saddle.

70
Q

give an example of a saddle joint.

A

sternoclavicular joint, thumb joint

71
Q

define ball and socket joint.

A

a joint in which the rounded surface of a bone moves within a depression on another bone.

72
Q

give example of ball and socket joint.

A

knee joint

73
Q

a shoulder joint is made up of 4 joints. can you name them?

A

Sternoclavicular joint
Acromioclavicular joint
Glenohumeral joint
Scapulothoracic joint

74
Q

is the sternoclavicular joint a complex joint or a simple joint?

A

complex joint

75
Q

is sternoclavicular joint a uniaxial or a multiaxial joint?

A

multiaxial joint.

76
Q

classify the sternoclavicular joint according to shape.

A

saddle joint.

77
Q

Name the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint.

A

interclavicular lig
costoclavicular lig
sternoclavicular lig

78
Q

which is the most important ligament of sternoclavicular joint?

A

costoclavicular ligament

79
Q

which ligament provides most stability or limitation of movement to the sternoclavicular joint?

A

costoclavicular ligament

80
Q

name the bones involved in the acromioclavicular joint.

A

acromial end of clavicle
acromion process of scapula

81
Q

is acromioclavicular joint a uniaxial joint or a biaxial joint?

A

uniaxial joint

82
Q

according to shape, which type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?

A

plane joint.

83
Q

name the ligaments of acromioclavicular joint.

A

conoid lig
trapezoid lig
acromioclavicular lig

84
Q

is injury to the acromioclavicular ligament called shoulder separation or shoulder dislocation?

A

shoulder separation

85
Q

what is shoulder dislocation?

A

separation of humerus from the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

86
Q

what is another name of shoulder separation?

A

shoulder subluxation.

87
Q

name the bones of the glenohumeral joint.

A

glenoid fossa of scapula
humerus

88
Q

name the most flexible joint in the body?

A

glenohumeral joint

89
Q

is glenohumeral joint a uniaxial or multiaxial joint?

A

multiaxial joint

90
Q

name the 3 glenohumeral ligaments.

A

sup, middle, inf glenohumeral ligaments

91
Q

based on shape, what is the type of glenohumeral joint?

A

ball and socket joint

92
Q

name the joints of elbow joint?

A

humeroradial joint
humeroulnar joint
radioulnar joint

93
Q

is humeroulnar joint a hinge joint or a pivot joint?

A

hinge joint

94
Q

is humeroradial joint a ball and socket joint or a hinge joint?

A

ball and socket joint

95
Q

is proximal radioulnar joint a type of pivot or a hinge joint?

A

pivot joint

96
Q

name the ligaments of elbow joint?

A

ulnar collateral ligament
radial collateral ligament
annular ligament

97
Q

in valgus, the distal limb is more lateral. is this statement correct?

A

correct.

98
Q

in varus, the distal limb is more medial, is this statement correct?

A

correct.

99
Q

name the bones of the wrist joint.

A

Radiocarpal joint
Ulnocarpal Joint
Distal radioulnar joint

100
Q

atlantooccipital joint is between which bones?

A

atlas and occipital bone

101
Q

atlantooccipital joint is which type of synovial joint?

A

ellipsoid joint

102
Q

ligaments of atlantooccipotal joint

A

Anterior Atlanto-occipital Ligament
Posterior Atlanto-occipital ligament

103
Q

atlantoaxial joint is present between which two bones?

A

atlas and axis

104
Q

atlantoaxial joint is a combination of 2 joints. is this statement correct?

A

no. it is a combination of 4 joints in total.

105
Q

intervertebral joints are an example of symphysis or synovial joint?

A

both

106
Q

what are the two components of intervertebral discs?

A

annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus

107
Q

another name for zygopophyseal joint is?

A

facet joint

108
Q

supraspinous ligament extends from?

A

c7 to sacrum

109
Q

nuchal ligament is the continuation of which ligament?

A

supraspinous ligament

110
Q

costovertebral joint is which type of synovial joint?

A

plane type.

111
Q

costotransverse joint is which type of synovial joint?

A

plane type.

112
Q

interchondral joints are present between which ribs?

A

ribs 7 to 10

113
Q

which is the most common pelvic shape in females?

A

gynecoid

114
Q

which is the most common pelvic shape in males?

A

anthropoid

115
Q

what is another name for sutural ligament?

A

sharpey’s fibres.

116
Q

name the sutures of skull bone

A

saggittal coronal lambdoid squamosal suture

117
Q

the temporomandibular joint is an example of which type of synovial joint?

A

modified hinge joint

Anatomy (6 decks)

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