Epithelial MCQs Flashcards
Which lateral intercellular junction complexes are calcium dependent?
A hemidesmosomes and tight junctions
B only tight junctions are calcium dependent
C gap junctions and hemidesmosomes
D tight junctions and gap junctions
E adherens junctions and desmosomes
E
Where would you find ciliated epithelial cells in large quantities?
A ventricles of the brain and the lining of the trachea
B basal cells of the epidermis and goblet cells of the intestine
C small intestine and renal proximal tubules
D airway sacs and renal distal tubules
E small and large intestine
A
Which cell type in the epidermis is responsible for pigmentation of the skin?
A Merkel cell
B Langerhans cell
C basal cell
D melanocyte
E spinous cell
D
Both the Na+/K+ pump and the SGLT require energy to function, but they get this energy from different sources. Specifically, where does the Na+/K+ pump get the energy from, and what kind of transport is this considered to be?
A ATP hydrolysis; secondary active transport
B ATP hydrolysis; passive transport
C ATP hydrolysis; primary active transport
D energy stored outside the cell created by the Na+/K+ pump; primary active transport
E energy stored inside the cell created by the Na+/K+ pump; passive transport
C
What kind of cells in the intestine produce defensins and what is the function of these proteins?
A stem cell; defensins induce cell proliferation
B goblet cells; high concentration of defensins create a mucous layer
C tuft cells; defensins induce peristaltic movement
D Paneth cells; defensins are antimicrobial peptides
E absorptive enterocytes; defensins break down food particles
D
What chemical modification of claudins
A acetylation
B oxidation
C hybridisation
D dephosphorylation
E phosphorylation
E
Solutes are transported across the membranes of the collecting ducts in the kidney via two distinct cell types, principal cells and intercalated cells. What solutes do these cells transport?
A principal cells secrete and absorb acids or bicarbonate, while intercalated cells transport sodium and
potassium ions
B principal cells transport sodium and potassium ions, while intercalated cells secrete and absorb acid or bicarbonate
C principal cells secrete mucus, whereas intercalated cells absorb water
D principal cells secrete vasopressin, whilst intercalated cells secrete glucocorticoids
E principal cells and intercalated cells both secrete defensins
B
Each of the following membrane transport processes requires the use of specific proteins that allow for movement across the plasma membrane EXCEPT
A secondary active transport
B simple diffusion
C facilitated transport via permeases
D facilitated transport via channels
E primary active transport
B
Which of the following statements about tight and leaky epithelium is CORRECT?
A tight epithelium is rigid, whereas leaky epithelium is malleable
B tight epithelium refers to multilayered epithelia, whereas leaky epithelium is a single layer
C glands are only leaky, whereas non-glandular epithelia are all tight
D tight epithelium has many cells, whereas leaky epithelium has fewer cells
E tight epithelium maintains a strong osmotic barrier, whereas leaky epithelium allows transport of molecules more freely
E
One of the most important membrane proteins is the sodium-potassium pump. What would happen to a cell if this pump suddenly stopped working?
A the environment would become hypotonic and the cell would lyse
B the environment would become hypertonic and the cell would shrivel
C the environment would become hypotonic and the cell would shrivel
D the environment would become hypertonic and the cell would lyse
E nothing; the cell would function normally
A
In which type of epithelial cells does chronic obstructive pulmonary disease occur?
A cuboidal epithelial cells of the urothelium
B columnar epithelial cells on stomach glands
C stratified epithelium of the epidermis
D pseudostratified epithelial cells of the airway lining
E squamous epithelial cells of the airway lining
E (could be D)
The sodium-potassium pump helps to maintain electrolyte gradients through
A diffusion
B active transport
C osmosis
D filtration
E facilitated diffusion
B
The type of epithelial tissue that forms the most superficial layer of the skin is
A stratified cuboidal epithelium
B stratified squamous epithelium
C simple squamous epithelium
D simple cuboidal epithelium
E simple columnar epithelium
B
Which of these statements about exocrine secretion is CORRECT?
A both merocrine and apocrine glands can continuously produce and secrete their contents, while holocrine secretory cells must undergo apoptosis
B holocrine secretion involves vesicles that releases contents by exocytosis; merocrine secretion accumulates near the apical portion of the cell that pinches o; apocrine secretion involves the rupture and destruction of the entire gland cell
C cells must undergo apoptosis only for merocrine secretion and cells can recover from apocrine and holocrine secretion
D holocrine secretion does not involve ducts but secrete hormones directly into blood, while merocrine and apocrine secretions maintain contact via epithelial ducts
E the Golgi complex is destroyed by all three exocrine secretion types
A
Which of the following is NOT a function of the epithelia?
A motion
B absorption
C secretion
D protection
E excretion
E
