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COMLEX 1 > Epilepsy Drugs > Flashcards

Epilepsy Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Benzodiazepines - MOA

A

Increase GABAA action

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2
Q

Carbamazepine - MOA

A
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3
Q

Ethosuximide - MOA

A

Blocks thalamic T-type Ca2+ channels

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4
Q

Gabapentin - MOA

A

Primirily inhibits high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels; designed as GABA analog

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5
Q

Lamotrigine - MOA

A

Blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels

Inhibits release of glutamate

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6
Q

Levetiracetam - MOA

A

unknown

may modulate GABA and glutamate release

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7
Q

Phenobarbital - MOA

A

increase GABAA action

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8
Q

Phenytoin - MOA

A

Blocks Na+ channels

zero order kinetics

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9
Q

Tiagabine - MOA

A

increase GABA by inhibiting reuptake

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10
Q

Topiramate - MOA

A

blocks Na+ channels

Increase GABA action

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11
Q

Valproic Acid - MOA

A

increase Na+ channel inactivation

increase GABA concentration by inhibiting GABA transaminase

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12
Q

Vigabatrin - MOA

A

Increase GABA

irreverisble GABA transaminase inhibitor

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13
Q

Benzodiazepines - indications

A

status epilepticus

also for eclampsia seizures (first line MgSO4)

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14
Q

Benzodiazepines - side effects

A

sedation, tolerance, dependence. respiratory depression

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15
Q

carbamazepine - side effects

A

diplopia. ataxia, blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia), liver toxicity, SIADH, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

teratogenesis (cleft lip/palate, spina bifida)

induction of cytochrome P450

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16
Q

carbamazepine - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

first line trigeminal neuralgia

17
Q

ethosuximide - indications

A

absence seizures

18
Q

ethosuximide - side effects

A

EFGHIJ

Ethosuximide causes:

Fatigue

GI distress

Headache

Itching (and urticaria)

and stevens-Johnson syndrome

19
Q

gabapentin - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia

20
Q

gabapentin - side effects

A

sedation, ataxia

21
Q

lamotrigine - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

absence seizures

22
Q

lamotrigine - side effects

A

stevens-johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

24
Q

levetiracetam - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

25
Q

leveitracetam - side effects

A

neuropsychiatric symptoms (personality change), drowsiness, fatigue, headache, gait instability

26
Q

phenobarbital - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

status epilepticus

*first line in neonates

27
Q

phenobarbital - side effects

A

sedation, tolerance, dependence, cardiorespiratory depression

induction of CYP450

28
Q

phenytoin - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

status epilepticus

29
Q

phenytoin - side effects

A

PHENYTOIN

P450 induction

Hirsutism

Enlarged gums

Nystagmus

Yellow-brown skin

Teratogen (fetal hydantoin syndrome)

Osteopenia

Inhibited folate absorption

Neuropathy

Rare adverse events: SJS, DRESS syndrome, SLE-like syndrome

Toxicity -> diplopia, ataxia, sedation

30
Q

tiagabine - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

31
Q

topiramate - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

migraine prevention

32
Q

Topiramate - side effects

A

sedation, mental dulling, word-finding difficulty, kidney stones, weight loss, glaucoma

33
Q

valproic acid - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

tonic-clonic seizures

absence seizures

myoclonic seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis

34
Q

valproic acid - side effects

A

GI distress, rare but fatal hepatotoxicity (measure LFTs), pancreatitis, neural tube defects, trumor, weight gain, SJS, SIADH

contraindicated in pregnancy

35
Q

vigabatrin - indications

A

partial (focal) seizures

36
Q

vigabatrin - side effects

A

permanent visual loss

COMLEX 1 (14 decks)

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