Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

555 > Epilepsy > Flashcards

Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

Phenobarbital drug interactions

A

-broad spectrum inducer
-2C9(major), 2C19, 2E1 (minor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phenobarbital adverse effects

A

-rash
-cross reactivity with other aromatic anti seizure medications( CBZ and PHY)
-osteoporosis: accelerate metabolism of vitamin D
-sedating/cognitively impairing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phenytoin PK

A

-non linear absorption
-older adults require lower dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fosphenytoin PK

A

-IM or IV
-otherwise same as phenytoin after cleavage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phenytoin drug interactions

A

-broad spectrum inducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phenytoin adverse effects(gold star)

A

-concentration dependent effects: nystagmus, ataxia, incoordination, diplopia
-rash
-Stevens-Johnson syndrome
-Aplastic anemia
-Gingival hyperplasia
-decreased bone density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Carbamazepine drug interactions

A

-only effective in focal seizures
-start low and go slow
-BROAD spectrum inducer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Carbamazepine metabolism (gold star)

A

-Metabolized by CYP3A4 to an active metabolite (stable epoxide)
-CBZ-epoxide is metabolized by epoxide hydrolase to CBZ dihyrodiol
-AUTOINDUCTION
*active metabolite may be responsible for many CNS adverse effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Carbamazepine adverse effects

A

-diplopia(double vision)
-paresthesia(tingling)
-ataxia
-headache
-anticholinergic effects
-HYPONAYTREMIA(low sodium)
-RASH
-Osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CBZ Rash

A

-genetic risk
-East Asian genetic HLA testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Oxcarbazepine metabolism

A

-goes through reduction reaction by ketoreductases
-NO AUTOINDUCTION
-at high doses, 3A4 and UGT induced
—-2C19 inhibited

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Oxcarbazepine adverse effects

A

-Hyponatremia
-rash prone but less than CBZ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Eslicarbazepine adverse effects

A

-dizziness
-headache
-hyponatremia
-rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Valproate metabolism

A

-glucuronidation, beta oxidation-major routes
-CYP mediated oxidation-minor
-Inhibits 2C19, UGT, Epoxide hydrolase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Valproate adverse effects (gold star)

A

-tremor
-inhibition of platelet aggregation
-alopecia
-weight gain(low fat diet)
-liver toxicity: kids younger than 2
-Teratogenicity: avoid at all costs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lamotrigrine metabolism

A

-almost entirely metabolized via glucuronidation
-if on another inducer, will need to increase the dose (CBZ, PB, PRM, PHT)
-if on an inhibitor, reduce dose: VPA

*Lamotrigrine can be induced by birth control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lamotrigine adverse effects (gold star)

A

-Rash: life threatening so start low and go slow
-cardiac conduction: insufficient evidence
-fatigue or sleepiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Levetiracetam drug interactions

A

-not very many drug interactions

19
Q

Keppra adverse effects

A

-Sedation is prominent
-behavioral effects
-titrate dose
-no weight gain

20
Q

Brivaracetam PK

A

-inhibit CYP2C19 (modest)
-inhibit epoxide hydrolase

21
Q

Lacosamide adverse effects

A

-dizziness
-headache
-diplopia

22
Q

Topiramate (Topamax) drug interactions

A

-inhibition of 2C19
-induction of 3A4 (modest)

23
Q

Topiramate adverse effects (gold star)

A

-abnormal thinking(word finding difficulties)
-parenthesis
-kidney stones
-narrow angle glaucoma
-ologohydrosis(decreased sweating)

24
Q

Gabapentin adverse effects

A

-drowsiness
-weight gain
-edema

24
Q

Gabapentin and pregabalin drug interactions

A

-none
-they are not inducers or inhibitors

25
Q

pregabalin adverse effects

A

-sames as gabapentin but worse because dosing is not saturable

26
Q

Cenobamate

A

-inhibit 2C19
-moderate 3A4 inducer

27
Q

Cenobamate adverse effects

A

-MUST start low and go slow
-could die otherwise
-hypersensitivity

28
Q

Phenytoin brand name

A

Dilantin

29
Q

Valproic acid brand name

A

Depakote, Depakene

30
Q

Lamotrigrine brand name

A

lamictal

31
Q

Briviracetam brand name

A

Breviact

32
Q

Eslicabazepine brand name

A

Apitom

33
Q

Lacosamide brand name

A

Vimpat

34
Q

Perampanel brand name

A

Fycompa

35
Q

Clobazam brand name

A

Onfi

36
Q

Pregabalin brand name

A

Lyrica

37
Q

Gabapentin brand name

A

neurotin

38
Q

Oxcarbamazepine

A

Trileptal

39
Q

Cenbamate

A

XCOPRI

40
Q

Cannabidiol

A

Epidiolex

41
Q

Perampanel adverse effects

A

-dizziness
-drowsiness
-Severe aggression
-titrate dose

42
Q

Zonisamide

A

-cross sensitivity reactions

555 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions