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PHM 701 > Epilepsy > Flashcards

Epilepsy Flashcards

1
Q

Partial seizure

A

start at focus

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2
Q

Simple partial seizure

A

type of partial
spread is limited
stay awake, memory intake

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3
Q

Complex partial seizure

A

type of partial
alteration of consciousness - appear confused

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4
Q

Generalized seizures

A

not linked to single foci
involves entire cerebrum

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5
Q

Absence seizures

A

Petit Mal
type of generalized
disruption in intentional behavior effects consciousness and memory

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6
Q

Simple ansence seizures

A

type of generalized
usually grow out of it

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7
Q

Tonic clonic seizures

A

Grand mal
type of generalized
have 3 phases

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8
Q

3 phases of tonic clonic seizures

A

initial tonic phase
clonic phase
terminal phase

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9
Q

Epilepsy

A

2 seizures unattributed to some other disease process

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10
Q

Goal of therapy

A

least seizures least AEs

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11
Q

Phenobarbital abbrev.

A

PB

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12
Q

Phenytoin abbrev.

A

PHT

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13
Q

Phenytoin brand

A

Dilantin

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14
Q

Primidone abbrev.

A

PRM

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15
Q

Primidone brand

A

Mysoline

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16
Q

Ethosuximide abbrev.

A

ETX

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17
Q

Ethosuximide brand

A

Zarontin

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18
Q

Carbamazepine abbrev.

A

CBZ

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19
Q

Carbamazepine brand

A

Tegretol

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20
Q

Valproic acid abbrev.

A

VPA

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21
Q

Valproic acid brand

A

Depakene, Depakote

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22
Q

Felbamate abbrev.

A

FBM

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23
Q

Felbamate brand

A

Delbatol

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24
Q

Gabapentin abbrev.

A

GBP

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25
Q

Gabapentin brand

A

Neurotin

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26
Q

Topiramate abbrev.

A

TPM

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27
Q

Topiramate brand

A

Topamax

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28
Q

Lamotrigine abbrev.

A

LTG

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29
Q

Lamotrigine brand

A

Lamictal

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30
Q

Levetiracetam abbrev.

A

LEV

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31
Q

Levetiracetam brand

A

Keppra

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32
Q

Oxcarbazepine abbrev.

A

OXC

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33
Q

Oxcarbazepine brand

A

Trileptal

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34
Q

Zonisamide abbrev.

A

ZNS

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35
Q

Zonisamide brand

A

Zonegran

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36
Q

Pregabalin abbrev.

A

PBG

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37
Q

Pregabalin brand

38
Q

Tigabine abbrev.

39
Q

Tigabine brand

40
Q

LAcosamide abbrev.

41
Q

Lacosamide brand

42
Q

Rufinamide abbrev.

43
Q

Rufinamide brand

44
Q

Vigabatrin abbrev.

45
Q

Vigabatrin brand

46
Q

Clobazam abbrev.

47
Q

Clobazam brand

48
Q

Ezogabine abbrev.

49
Q

Ezogabine brand

50
Q

Perampanel abbrev.

51
Q

Perampanel brand

52
Q

Eslicarbazepine abbrev.

53
Q

Esilcarbazepine brand

54
Q

Brivaracetam abbrev.

55
Q

Brivaracetam brand

56
Q

Keppra MOA

A

glutamate receptor antagonist

57
Q

Keppra monitoring

A

dose adjust based on GFR

58
Q

Keppra AEs

A

Weight gain
enhances CNS depressants

59
Q

Oxcarbazepine use

A

adjunctive in partial seizures in children 6 and older

60
Q

Oxcarbazepine monitoring

A

sodium, sometimes hepatic, no routine bloodwork

61
Q

Oxcarbazepine AEs

A

more common in kids
HA, dizzy, N/V
RASH

62
Q

Oxcarbazepine benefit

A

lower potential for DDI

63
Q

Lamotrigine use

A

Partial onset, absence, generalized

64
Q

Lamotrigine MOA

A

Na channel blockade, H current enhancement, glutamate receptor antagonist

65
Q

Oxcarbazepine MOA

A

Na channel blockade, GABA enhancement

66
Q

Lamotrigine AEs

A

SJS more common with fast titrate and with VPA

67
Q

Lamotrigine Advantage

A

Broad spectrum, low teratogenic, non sedative

68
Q

Gabapentin use

A

partial seizures - mono or add on

69
Q

Gabapentin MOA

A

Ca channel blockade, H current enhancement, glutamate receptor antagonist

70
Q

Gabapentin AEs

A

dizzy, ataxia, weight gain, abuse

Higher dose = less % absorbed

71
Q

Gabapentin Advantage

A

no PK DDI, low neurotoxic, use for bipolar and neuropathic

72
Q

Phenytoin use

A

Generalized seizures

73
Q

Phenytoin MOA

A

Na channel blockade, glutamate receptor antagonist

74
Q

Phenytoin monitoring

A

when giving IV monitor cardiac and BP

75
Q

Phenytoin AEs

A

capacity limited metabolism, concentration dependent nystagmus, double vision

idiosyncratic: aplastic anemia, granulocytopenia, SJS

Chronic: gum hypertrophy, osteoporosis, fetal vitamin K depletion

76
Q

Fosphenytoin purpose

A

Prodrug for phenytoin, for IV and IM

77
Q

Valproate MOA

A

Na channel blockade, Ca channel blockade, GABA enhancement

78
Q

Valproate monitoring

A

baseline LFTs, platelets

coagulation prior to surgery, periodic serums

79
Q

Valproate AEs

A

N/V/D, increase LFTs, spina bifida, drowsy, hair loss, weight gain

80
Q

Valproate C/Is

A

Hepatic dysfunction or disease

81
Q

Valproate DDIs

A

decreased by CBZ, LTG, PHT, rifampin

increased by ASA, chlorpromazine, cimetidine, felbamate

82
Q

Carbamazepine use

A

Partial seizures, secondarily generalized seizures

83
Q

Carbamazepine MOA

A

Na channel blockade, GABA enhancement

84
Q

Carbamazepine monitoring

A

baseline CBC and monitor if decrease in WBC, LFTs

occasionally serum monitoring weekly during first

85
Q

Carbamazepine AEs

A

dizzy, HA, N/V, hyponatremia and water intoxication, diarrhea, diarrhea, transient leukopenia or aplastic anemia

86
Q

Carbamazepine C/Is

A

d/c if leukopenia ANC < 1500
d/c MAOi’s 14 days before

87
Q

Carbamazepine DDIs

A

stimulates 3A4s - metabolize anticoags, OCs, cyclosporine, doxy, theophylline

metabolism inhibited by cimetidine, clarithro, erythro, fluoxetine

88
Q

AEDs that increase chance of pregnancy

A

enzyme inducing
Phenobarb, pheny, primidone, carbamazepine

inc. clearance of OC’s

89
Q

AEDs to avoid in pregnancy

A

VPA + CBZ
LTG
PB - neonatal withdrawal

90
Q

Breastfeeding C/Is

A

Ethosuximide, zonisamide, clonazepam, diazepam

PHM 701 (7 decks)

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