Epilepsy Flashcards
Focal seizures most commonly originates from …
The temporal lobe
Absent seizures last for…
10-20 seconds
A brief lapse in muscle tone describes what type of seizure?
Atonic seizure
Atonic seizures are associated with ________ syndrome
Lennox-Gastaut
Infantile spasms are associated with _________ syndrome
West
Examples of siezure triggers
Sleep deprivation
Stress
Light sensitivity
Alcohol use
Focal seizures typically last for…
1-2 mins
Seizures arising from the temporal lobe can present with…
Deja vu
Hallucinations
Memory flashbacks
Seizures arising from the frontal lobe can present with…
A “wave-like” sensation in the head
Seizures arising from the primary motor cortex can present with…
A jacksonian march
Automatism can occur in which type of seizures
Complex, partial seizures
What is the difference between a simple and a complex partial seizure
In simple= consciousness in preserved.
In complex, consciousness is not.
In a EEG, absent seizure would present as….
A 3 Hz spike-and-wave pattern
In a EEG, a partial seizure would present as….
Interictal spikes
What 3 types of seizures are associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome?
Tonic
Atonic
Atypical absent seizures
The triad features of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome are…
- Multiple types of seizures
- EGG showing 1.2-2.5 spike-waves
- Cognitive/ behavioural problems
The first-line medication for tonic-clonic seizures in non-childbearing people is…
Sodium valproate
The first-line medication for tonic-clonic seizures in childbearing people is…
Lamotrigine/ Keppra
The first and second line medication for focal seizures are…
1st= Keppra, lamotrigine
2nd= Carbamazepine
The first and second medication for absent seizures are…
1st= Ethosuximide
2nd= Sodium valproate
- Lamotrigine/ Keppra
What antiepileptics should be avoided in Absent and myoclonic seizures
The ‘zepines’
- Carbamazepine
GABA drugs
- Pregabalin
- Gabapentin
Phenytoin
The first-line medication for mycolonic seizures in childbearing people is…
Sodium valproate
The first-line medication for mycolonic seizures in childbearing people
Levetiracetam
The first-line medication for atonic seizures in non-childbearing people is…
Sodium valproate
The first-line medication for atonic seizures in childbearing people is…
Lamotrigine
What things are reviewed in an epilepsy review
Seizure control
- Frequency and severity
Effect on daily living
Mood/ Cognitive disorder
Compliance/ side effects of anti-epileptics
Risk of pregnancy
Antiepileptics increases the risk of developing…
Osteoporosis
Antiepileptics increases the risk of developing…
Osteoporosis
