epigenetics

Question 1

define epigenetics

Answer 1

the study of how biology and environment signals determine gene expressions

Question 2

what can epigenetic signals do

Answer 2

prompt changes in the number of methyl chemical groups attached to a gene, turning it on or off

Question 3

what controls dna assessibility and gene activation or inactivation

Answer 3

den methylation and histone acetylation

Question 4

what relaxes the dna-histone arrangement

Answer 4

acetylation

Question 5

what binds to histone groups and unwinds the dna

Answer 5

acetyl group

Question 6

transcription

Answer 6

rna syntheses , controls the dna

Question 7

translation

Answer 7

protein synthesis (outside of the nucleus)

Question 8

what is the order of gene expressions

Answer 8

dna > transcription > mRNA > translation > protein

Question 9

what happens within the cell membrane

Answer 9

replication and transcription

Question 10

when is it predicted that 1/3 of all americans willl be 65 years or older

Answer 10

2025

Question 11

the most rapid population increase in the past decade has been amount people older than

Answer 11

85

Question 12

centenarians

Answer 12

those who live to the age of 109

Question 13

supercententarians

Answer 13

those who live to the age of 110 or more

Question 14

who are models are successful aging

Answer 14

centenarians and supercenterarnians

Question 15

dna methylation

Answer 15

epigenetic modification that alters how dna is read and expressed without altering the underlying sequence

Question 16

what is referred to as the epigenetic clock

Answer 16

dna methylation

Question 17

what is the key factor in rebuilding the disappearing telomeres

Answer 17

enzyme telomerase

Question 18

both aging and age related diseases are…

Answer 18

epigenetic

Question 19

what do the formations of free radials come from

Answer 19

oxidative process , causing damage to the tissues and cells

Question 20

what is commonly referred to as our “second brain”

Answer 20

the enteric nervous system

Question 21

the enteric nervous system is a dense collection of

Answer 21

200 million to 600 million neurons in our gut

Question 22

the enteric nervous system serves as a

Answer 22

storage reservoir and production site of neurotransmitters

Question 23

studies show that individuals with chronic pain often have low

Answer 23

vitamin d

Question 24

a vitamin d3 supplement is

Answer 24

2000 IU