basic principles of pharmacology

Question 1

define pharmacology

Answer 1

study of drugs

Question 2

what do we need to know as a pt?

Answer 2

the purpose, the adverse effect, and the pharmocotherapeutic

Question 3

what are the 3 m’s inPT

Answer 3

movement, modalities, and manual

Question 4

define pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 4

the use of specific drugs to prevent, treat and diagnose a disease

Question 5

define pharmacokinetics

Answer 5

study of how the body absorbs, distributes , and eliminates the drug

Question 6

define pharamacodynamics

Answer 6

the analysis of what the drug does to the body , including the mechanism by which the drug exerts its effect

Question 7

define toxicology

Answer 7

study of the harmful effects of chemicals

Question 8

define pharmocogenetics

Answer 8

deals with the genetic basis for drug response

Question 9

Why a generic drug might be prescribed

Answer 9

should be safe and effective as the OG
undergo testing for bio equivalence
less expensive

Question 10

the generic name (aka official or nonproprietary name)

Answer 10

tends to be shorter
is often derived from the chemical name

Question 11

drugs approval process: phase I purpose

Answer 11

determine effects, safe dosage pharmacokinetics

Question 12

phase I - subjects

Answer 12

small number , less than 100 health volunteers

Question 13

Phase II- purpose

Answer 13

assess drugs effectiveness in treating a specific disease/disorder

Question 14

phase II- subjects

Answer 14

limited number of pt 200-300 with targeted disease

Question 15

PHASE III- purpose

Answer 15

-assess safety and effectiveness in treating larger patient populations

Question 16

phase III- subjects

Answer 16

larage number of pt 1000-3000 with targets disease

Question 17

drugs are initially tested in

Answer 17

animals

Question 18

what happens after the 3rd phase of approval

Answer 18

the 4th phase ; all the methods used to continue monitoring the drugs safety

Question 19

define orphan drugs

Answer 19

for relatively small populations (<200k ppl) with a rare disease

Question 20

define off label prescribing

Answer 20

the use of a drug to treat conditions other than those that the drug was OG approved to treat
it is legal and common in US

Question 21

will insurance companies reimburse off label prescribing?

Answer 21

maybe

Question 22

Define over the corner medications

Answer 22

used for mini or problems
chances of toxic effects are small
less expensive

Question 23

when was federal legislation enacted to help control the abuse of legal and illegal drugs?

Answer 23

1970

Question 24

when was the controlled substances act placed?

Answer 24

1970

Question 25

basic concepts in drug therapy

Answer 25

change 1 or more functions in a living organism
the restore normal physiological function
prevent a disease process from occurring

Question 26

what does the dose- response curve provide/

Answer 26

information about the dosage range over which drug is effective and peak response

Question 27

what is the ceiling effect or maximal effect?

Answer 27

the point at which there is no further increase in the response

Question 28

what is the presence of the plateau associated with

Answer 28

maximal efficacy

Question 29

define potency

Answer 29

is the dose is smaller but produces the same outcome as the higher doge than you would say the lower doge is more potent

Question 30

the quanta dose response curves ..

Answer 30

is the percentage of the population that exhibits a specific response as the dosage increases

Question 31

median effective dose

Answer 31

this is the dose at which 50% of the population responds to the drug in a specified manner

Question 32

mexican toxic dose (TD50)

Answer 32

the dose at which 50%of the group exhibits the adverse effect

Question 33

median lethal dose (LD 50)

Answer 33

the dose that causes death in 50% of animals

Question 34

the therapeutic index

Answer 34

indication of drugs safety
the greater the TI the safer

Question 35

a larger TI indicates…

Answer 35

that is takes a much larger dose to evoke a toxic response than it does to cause deneficial effect