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Dermatology 2.0 > Epidermal Tumours > Flashcards

Epidermal Tumours Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

example of a benign epidermal tumour

A

seborrheic keratosis (basal cell papilloma)

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2
Q

examples of precancerous dysplasia

A

Bowen’s disease
actinic keratosis
viral lesions

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3
Q

examples of invasive malignancies

A

basal cell carcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

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4
Q

define seborrheic keratosis

A

benign proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes

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5
Q

where is seborrheic keratosis usually located

A

face

trunk

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6
Q

appearance of seborrheic keratosis

A 
well-defined
small cysts/ depressions
warty
stuck on apperance
greasy hyperkeratotic surface
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7
Q

define leser-trelat sign

A

abrupt eruptive onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses (paraneoplastic syndrome)

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8
Q

management of seborrheic keratosis

A

reassurance

cryotherapy if troublesome

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9
Q

define Bowen’s disease

A

full thickness dysplasia of epidermal keratinocytes

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10
Q

diagnosis of Bowen’s disease

A

biopsy

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11
Q

management of Bowen’s disease

A

non-surgical is imiquimod cream

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12
Q

where is Bowen’s disease usually located?

A

legs

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13
Q

appearance of Bowen’s disease

A

scaly patch/plaque
irregular border
can mimic inflammatory conditions

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14
Q

where is actinic keratosis usually found

A

head

neck

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15
Q

what is a common precursor of invasive SCC

A

actinic keratosis

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16
Q

where is actinic keratosis usually found?

A

sun-exposed sites

17
Q

presentation of actinic keratosis

A

scaly with no signs of progression (can become SCC- more common in immunosuppressed)

18
Q

where are viral lesions found?

A

anogenital skin

19
Q

causes of viral lesions

A

HPV16

20
Q

management of precancerous dysplasias

A

cryotherapy
5-fluorouracil cream
imiquimod
PDT

21
Q

genetics of basal cell carcinoma

A

mutations in PTCH1 (hedgehog signalling pathway)

22
Q

where is basal cell carcinoma often located?

A

sun exposed sites

23
Q

appearance of BCC

A

slow growing
painless
picket fence pearly border

24
Q

three subtypes of BCC

A

nodular (pearly with blood vessels)
superficial (plaque with pearly whipcord margin)
infiltrative (waxy, scar-like plaque with indistinct borders)

25
Q

diagnosis of epidermal tumours

A

skin biopsy

26
Q

management of epidermal tumours

A

vismodegib
excision
imiquimod, PDT or cryotherapy

27
Q

who does squamous cell carcinoma arise in?

A

elderly

immunosuppressed

28
Q

where are SCC usually located?

A

sun-exposed sites
chronic leg ulcers
burns
chronic lupus vulgaris

29
Q

rare associations with SCC

A

xeroderma pigmentosum

dystrophic variant epidermolysis bullosa

30
Q

presentation of SCC

A

hyperkeratotic warty or crusted lump or ulcer
fast growth
painful
bleeds

31
Q

management of SCC

A

excision

32
Q

who does Kaposi’s sarcoma arise in?

A

HIV

immunosuppressed (transplant)

33
Q

appearance of Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

purple lesions (herpes)

34
Q

risk factors for development of skin cancer

A
  • sun exposure
  • genetic predisposition
  • immunosuppression
  • environmental carcinogens
  • phototoxic drugs
35
Q

examples of genetic predispositions to skin cancer

A

xeroderma pigmentosum
albinism (congenital absence of melanin AR)
Gorlin’s syndrome
recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

36
Q

describe albinism

A

congenital absence of melanin (AR), absence or defect of tyrosine, lack on retina leads to visual problems e.g. photophobia, nystagmus and amblyobia

37
Q

describe Gorlin’s syndrome

A

AD condition with multiple BCC’s (naevoid basal cell carcinoma)

38
Q

examples of phototoxic drugs

A 
voriconazole
thiazide diuretics
NSAIDs
anti-TNF
azathioprine

Dermatology 2.0 (40 decks)

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