Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

virology > epidemiology of viral diseases > Flashcards

epidemiology of viral diseases Flashcards

1
Q

epidemiology

A

is the branch of science that studies the frequency, distribution, and determinants of disease in populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

purpose of epidemiology

A
  • acquisition of information
  • planning and monitoring
  • assessment of the economic effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

arbovirus

A

multiply in the arthropod vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cases

A

those animals suffering from a clinically diagnosable disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

case-fatality rate

A

the number (%)of deaths among the clinically ill animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

carrier

A

any animal that sheds an infectious agent without demonstrating clinical signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

incubatory (acute) carriers

A

animals that excrete agent during the disease’s incubation period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

covalescent (chronic) carriers

A

animals that shed agent when they are recovering from disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

communicable period

A

the time during which the infectious agent may be transferred, directly or indirectly, from an infected animal to another animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

contagious disease

A

an infectious disease in which the pathogen may be transmitted from one host to another by direct or indirect contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

dead-end host

A

one that is not involved in maintaining a virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

disease

A

any disturbance of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system of the body that results in a characteristic set of symptoms and signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

endemic

A

the constant or usually expected occurrence of a disease within a give geographic area or population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

epidemic

A

major increase in disease incidence affecting either a large number of animals or spreading over a large area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

exotic

A

a disease not known to occur in a particular country or geographic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

field isolate

A

fresh virus isolate from the natural host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fomites

A

inanimate objects other than vehicles involved in the transfer of infectious agents from one host to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

incidence

A

the number of new cases that occur in a population over a specified period of time

19
Q

incubation period

A

the period of time between infection and the development of clinical signs and symptoms

20
Q

infection

A

invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue

21
Q

morbidity rate

A

percentage of animals in a population that develop clinical disease attributable to a particular pathogen over a specified period of time

22
Q

mortality rate

A

percentage of animals in a population that die from a particular disease over a specified period of time

23
Q

pandemic

A

a geographically widespread epidemic

24
Q

pathogen

A

any disease causing virus or microorganisms

25
Q

pathogenicity

A

ability of an organism to cause disease

26
Q

population

A

aggregation of animals

27
Q

prevalence

A

the number of occurrences of disease, infection, or related attributes in a population at a particular point in time

28
Q

reservoir

A

the organism or environment that normally harbors a pathogen

29
Q

screening

A

this is systematic diagnostic testing to detect asymptomatic or subclinical animals or individuals who appear healthy, for the purpose of control or prevention of disease

30
Q

source

A

the place from which a pathogen passes directly to a susceptible host

31
Q

sporadic disease

A

a disease that occurs irregularly and hapharzadly

32
Q

sylvatic

A

occurring in or affecting wild animals

33
Q

threshold level

A

the minimum concentration of a pathogen in the host’s circulation that allows successful transmission to an arthropod vestor

34
Q

wild-type virus

A

denotes the original virus circulation in nature from which mutants arise

35
Q

zoonosis

A

a disease that primarily affects vertebrate animals but that

36
Q

seroepidemiology

A

is the use of serological data as the basis of epidemiological investigation

37
Q

contact transmission

A

this is the spread of infectious agents by direct or indirect contact

38
Q

vestor transmission

A

an arthropod that carries pathogenic organisms from infected host to another

39
Q

extrinsic incubation period

A

the time the pathogen spends in the arthropod vector

40
Q

vehical transmission

A

this is the transmission of infectious agents by a medium

41
Q

iatrogenic transmission

A

infection that is transferred during surgical and medical practice

42
Q

nosocomial infections

A

infections acquired within the veterinary hospital or clinic

43
Q

epidemiologic triad is made up of:

A
  • host
  • agent
  • the environment
44
Q

herd immunity

A

refers to immunity conferred on a group or population as a result of the presence of immune individual within the population

virology (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions