Epidemiology/Genetics Flashcards
According to CDC, what are the top 3 leading causes of death in adolescents aged 15-19y/o? in order
- Unintentional injuries
- Homicide
- Suicide
Match law to description.
- Americans with Disabilities ACT (ADA), Title II
-IDEA - Rehabilitation Act, Section 504
A) Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs or activities that receive Federal Financial assistance
B) Prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability by state and local govts, irregardless of federal financial assistance
C) Mandates and funds special education programs
- Americans with Disabilities ACT (ADA), Title II: B
-IDEA: C
- Rehabilitation Act, Section 504: A
504 plan can be used throughout one’s lifetime, at what age can an IEP be used?
birth through 12th grade or 21 (not through college)
Which ethical principles are these:
A) to do good for the patient
B) avoid causation of harm to the patient
C) patient’s right to choose
D) fair and equal treatment
E) physician’s duty to place patients welfare above all else
F) a relationship based on trust or confidence. physician is a trustee of the patient’s health and has a legal and ethical responsibility to guard it
G) being honest and telling the truth about adverse effects
A: Beneficence
B: Non-maleficence/non-malfeasance
C: Autonomy
D: Justice
E: Fidelity
F: Fiduciary relationship
G: veracity
TRUE or FALSE
Rates of intellectual disability are higher in boys than girls and in individuals of lower SES and of ethnic minority groups.
TRUE
Match study type with description
Hawthorne Effect
Placebo Effect
Novelty Effect
Halo Effect
Pygmalian Effect
A. A research study participant has a positive effect simply from the expectation created in the participant for this
B. A research study participant performs differently at first when new technology is instituted in response to increased interest in the new technology
C. A teacher’s expectation of a pupil can strongly affect the amount of development the pupil shows ((describes how expectations can shape a person’s behavior and lead to improved or worse performance)
D. A research study participant improves some part of his behavior being experimentally measured simply in response to the fact that he is being studied
E. A research study participant’s overall impressions influence the participant’s feelings and thoughts with regard to an entity’s character or properties
PLACEBO EFFECT
A. A research study participant has a positive effect simply from the expectation created in the participant for this
NOVELTY EFFECT
B. A research study participant performs differently at first when new technology is instituted in response to increased interest in the new technology
PYGMALIAN EFFECT
C. A teacher’s expectation of a pupil can strongly affect the amount of development the pupil shows (describes how expectations can shape a person’s behavior and lead to improved or worse performance)
HAWTHORNE EFFECT
D. A research study participant improves some part of his behavior being experimentally measured simply in response to the fact that he is being studied
HALO EFFECT
E. A research study participant’s overall impressions influence the participant’s feelings and thoughts with regard to an entity’s character or properties
Match the description with the correct level of prevention: primary, secondary, tertiary
A. Reducing incidence of disease
B.Reducing prevalence of disease
C.Reducing complications of disease
A. Reducing incidence of disease–primary
Example: vaccine, condom
B.Reducing prevalence of disease–secondary (reduce duration of symptoms)
Example: early screening
C.Reducing complications of disease–tertiary
Example: integrated patient centered dx mgmt
Match the description with the correct level of prevention: universal, selective, indicated
A. targets ENTIRE population with programs aimed at preventing
B. targets INDIVIDUALS with early signs of an illness or injury
C. targets SUBSET OF POPULATION deemed at-risk for an illness or injury
A. Univeral prevention
B. Indicated prevention
C. Selective prevention
95% of Down syndrome cases normally occur through meiotic nondisjunction during gamete formation. If a Robertsonian translocation occurs, which type of down syndrome develops?
Familial down syndrome
Mosaic Down syndrome is due to what type of genetic issue?
Mitotic non dysjunction
Occurs after birth
What is most significant risk factor of developing Down’s syndrome?
Mothers age
What type of mutation are the following:
A) generates loss of part of or of a whole chromosome or to loss of some DNA nucleotide bases
B) mutation in a single nucleotide
C) a single baes substitution changes codon, thereby specifying a different amino acid
A) deletion mutation
B) point mutation
C) missense mutation
What is the pattern of inheritance of Rett syndrome ?
X-Linked Dominant
what are the 2 sex-linked disorders we should know for test that are sex-linked?
- Fragile X syndrome
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
When would you use alphoid (centromeric) repeat probes for FISH genetic testing, where you determine the number of chromosome present?
Down’s syndrome
Turner’s sydrome
Etc
