Epidemiology and transmission HIV Flashcards
What family of virus does HIV belong to?
Lentivirus
Is HIV RNAss or RNAds?
ssRNA
What cells does HIV infect
T-lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells.
What is AIDS characterised as?
Progressive qualitative and quantitative in the CD4+ Th1 lymphocyte subset.
What was observed in the first cases of HIV in 1980
Phenocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi’s sarcoma in gay men
What and when was the first anti-HIV drug approbeved?
1987, AZT
What virus was HIV first mis-identified as?
HTLV-III
When were the first retroviruses identified?
Early 1900s in chickens
What is HTLV-1 associated with?
Leukaemia and tumour growth, causative agent of aggressive T-cell leukaemia.
What virus is HIV cross-reactive to?
HTLV-1
Who identified HIV?
Gallow
What virus us actually SIVmac?
SIVsm
What animal is SIVsm from?
Sooty Manageby Monkey
What virus is HIV-2 closely related to?
SIVsm
What are the 4 distinct groups of HIV-1
M (main), O (outlier) N and P
What are the clades of Group M of HIV-1?
A-K
What country has the diversity of HIV-1?
Cameroon
What ais our closest relative?
Pan troglodytes (chimp)
What type of SIV infects Pan troglodytes troglodytes?
SIVcpzPtt
What does HIV-1 closely relate to?
SIVcpzPtt
Did HIV-1 groups M and N arise from the same place or different places?
Two different locations
What did the butchering trade in Cameroon/Gabon contribute to (HIV)
Contact and spread of virus
IS SIVcpz a recombinant virus?
Yes
What mixture of two viruses makes up SIVcpz
SIVrcm and SIVgsn
Groups of O and P of HIV-1 are closely related to what virus?
SIVgor
Rapid spread of HIV occured because of?
International travel, blood transfusion and IV drug use
