Epidemiology

Question 1

what is epidemiology?

Answer 1

The study of disease epidemics in populations

Question 2

What are epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak determined by?

Answer 2

• microbial pathogenesis
• host
  -environment

Question 3

How to control and infectious disease?

Answer 3

• remove causes

Question 4

What is horizontal transmission?

Answer 4

transmitted from any individual to another

Question 5

What is vertical transmission?

Answer 5

transmitted through generations (eg. through milk or placental)

Question 6

What is transmission impacted by?

Answer 6

• type
• host susceptibility

Question 7

What are geographically intelligent approaches to disease control?

Answer 7

• vaccination strategies
• zonation of alerts
• surveillance

Question 8

What is the R0 value?

Answer 8

The average number of new causes caused by one case in a susceptible population

Question 9

What is the R value?

Answer 9

The average number of new cases caused by one case at time t

Question 10

What are the differences between R0 and R?

Answer 10

R0 = treated as fixed for a particular pathogen strain and host population and environment
R0 = associated with preventing outbreaks before they take off
R = varies during epidemic (as number of infected increases)
R = associated with trying to manage infection at any time during the epidemic

Question 11

What is the equation for calculating R0 =

Answer 11

R0 = transmissibility of pathogen x contact rate between hosts x duration of infectiousness