Epidemic Curves and Determinants of Disease

Question 1

Shape of the epidemiological curve depends on what factors

Answer 1

Host

Agent

Environment

Question 2

Characteristics of an epidemic curve of common source with intermittent exposure

Answer 2

Animals exposed at different times

Exposed to the same source

Incubation period not clearly shown

Question 3

Contagious

Answer 3

Disease transmissible from one human/animal to another via direct or airbone routes

Question 4

Determinant

Answer 4

Factors that help determine the probability, distribution or severity of a disease in an animal or population of animals

Question 5

Herd Immunity

Answer 5

Idea that infectious diseases can be contained if the populations resistance to infection is high

Question 6

Extrinsic determinants of the environment

Answer 6

Demographics

Climate

Housing

Crowding/ Density

Diet

Stress

Question 7

Primary Determinant

Answer 7

Major contributing factor, usually a necessary one

Question 8

Genetic diseases are entirely determined by the (genotype/phenotype)

Answer 8

Genotype

Question 9

Epidemic Curves

Answer 9

Represent the number of new cases of disease over time

Question 10

Intrinsic determinants of the host

Answer 10

Age

Sex and Behavior

Genotype

Breed

Nutrition

Immunity

Question 11

Characteristics of an epidemic curve of a propagted source

Answer 11

Exposure followed by waves of secondary and tertiary cases

Contagious disease

Question 12

T/F: Immunity to the pathogen may be due to inherited or acquired factors.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Infectious Disease

Answer 13

Disease caused by the invasion and multiplication of a living agent in / on a host

Question 14

Latent Period

Answer 14

Microbe is replicating but not yet enough for the host to become infectious

Question 15

Characteristics of an epidemic curve of common source single point exposure

Answer 15

All animals exposed at once

All are exposed to the same source of infection

Not contangious

Can determine the minimum, average, and maximum incubation period

Question 16

Extrinsic Determinants

Answer 16

Determinants that are external to the animal

_________________

Housing, Medical Treatment, etc

Question 17

Extrinisic determinants of the agent may include

Answer 17

Infectivity

Pathogenicity

Virulence

Immunogenicity

Mutation Rate

Resistance

Question 18

The body being immune to a pathogen is an example of (intrinsic/extrinsic) determinant

Answer 18

Intrinisic

Question 19

Secondary Determinants

Answer 19

Factors that make the disease more or less likely; predisposing or enabling factors

Question 20

Giving a vaccine is an example of an (intrinsic/extrinsic) determinant

Answer 20

Extrinsic

Question 21

What can epidemic curves tell you?

Answer 21

Probable source of outbreak

If pathogen is contagious

If outbreak is ending or will continue

Incubation period

Outliers

Question 22

Infestation

Answer 22

Invasion, but not multiplication of an organism in/on a host

Question 23

Intrinsic Determinants

Answer 23

Determinants that are internal to the animal

______________________

Age, Breed, Sex

Question 24

Incubation Period

Answer 24

Microbe is replicating but not symptomatic yet

Question 25

Nutrition has a strong effect on ________ function.

Answer 25

Immune

Question 26

Communicable

Answer 26

Disease caused by agent capable of transmission by direct, airborne, or indirect routes from an infected person, animal or a contaminated inanimate reservoir

Question 27

Genotype

Answer 27

Term describing the DNA sequence type of an individual