ep11 Flashcards
What is the Pennsylvania model for prisons?
A system in which prisoners are completely isolated from each other eating, working, and sleeping in separate cells
What is the Auburn model for prisons?
A system where prisoners work and ate together during the day and were housed in individual cells at night
Who operates the federal corrections?
Correctional service Canada
Who gets sent to federal corrections?
Offenders serving a sentence of two years to more
What 5 regions are federal corrections located in?
Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairie, Pacific
What are the 3 types of correctional institutions?
Minimum, medium, and maximum security
What is minimum security?
No perimeter fencing and unrestricted inmate movement except at night time
What is medium security?
High-security perimeter fencing with some restrictions on inmate movement
What is maximum security?
High-security perimeter fencing, highly controlled environment with inmate movement strictly monitored and controlled
What are the two types of correctional facility security?
Static and dynamic security
What is Static security?
Fixed security apparatuses in correctional institutions with perimeter fencing, video surveillance, alrams, control rooms, and fixed security post
What is dynamic security?
Ongoing interaction, beyond observation, working and speaking with inmates, making suggestions, providing information, and being proactive
What is rule of law?
The requirement that the government, as well
as individuals, be subjected to and abide by the law
What is duty to act fairly?
The obligation of correctional authorities to ensure that offenders are treated fairly by corrections personnel
What is prison?
Facilities with a highly structured environment in which all movements of the inmates or
patients are controlled 24 hours a day by staff
What is continuum of correctional institutions?
The differences in institutional environments among correctional institutions located at either end of the security spectrum—maximum to minimum
What is the split personality of corrections?
When prisons are asked to pursue confinement and control but also reform and rehabilitation
What is segregation/ solitary confinement?
A correctional management strategy where inmates are locked in a cell for 23 hours a day
What are the two types of segregation?
Disciplinary and administrative segregation
What is disciplinary segregation for?
When an inmate violates an institutional rule
What is administrative segregation?
When an inmate attempts to act in a way that is deemed to threaten the prison population
What is the custodial agenda of correctional officers?
Centers on control and the enforcement of regulations
What is the correctional agenda?
Involves correctional officers functioning as change agents by assisting inmates
What is the correctional officer subculture?
A code of behavior designed to maintain occupational solidarity
What are correctional officers’ issues?
Relationship with inmates (subtle, non-verbal cues to help read them), abuse of authority (based on inmate’s offense/ history), relationship with treatment staff (viewed with distrust)
What is status degrading ceremony?
The processing of inmates into a correctional institution where the offender is psychologically and materially stripped of possessions that
identify him or her as a member of the
“free society”
What is pains of imprisonment?
The deprivations experienced by inmates confined in correctional institutions, including the loss of autonomy, privacy, security, and
freedom of movement and association
What is inmate subculture?
The patterns of interaction and the
relationships that exist among inmates confined in correctional institutions
What is prisonization?
The process by which inmates become
socialized into the norms, values, and culture of the prison
what are state-raised offenders?
Inmates who have spent the
majority of their adult lives confined in correctional institutions and, as a consequence, may have neither the skills nor the ability to function in the outside, free community
What is institutionalized?
Inmates who have become prisoned
to such a degree that they are unable to function in the outside, free community
What are inmate social roles?
Roles that inmates assume
based on their friendship networks, sentence length, and other factors related to their criminal history and activities in the institution
What is inmate code?
A set of behavioral rules that govern
interactions among inmates and with institutional staff
What is classification?
Categorizing inmates through the
use of various assessment instruments to
determine the security level and program placement
What are the two risk factors?
Static and dynamic risk factors
What are static risk factors?
Attributes that predict recidivism eg criminal history
What are dynamic risk factors?
Attributes that can be altered through intervention eg addictions
What is case management?
The process by which the
needs and abilities of offenders are matched with correctional programs and services
What is a correctional plan?
Determines the offender’s
initial institution placement, specific training or
work opportunities, and preparation for release
What are institutional treatment programs?
Target criminogenic and anti-social behaviors through substance abuse, relapse prevention, education, and anger management interventions
What is throughcare?
The notion that there should be
continuity between institutional treatment and
programs and community-based services for
offenders
