EOMs and Ocular Motility Flashcards
What is the purpose of corneal reflection tests?
To gain an objective assessment of ocular alignment if unable to perform CT
Where should the corneal reflex be on Hirschberg?
Symmetrical, nasal
Can be more temporal as long as symmetrical
What is angle Kappa?
The angle between the visual axis and pupillary axis
Where is the reflex if the angle kappa is positive?
Nasal
What direction will the reflex be for an esotropia on Hirschberg?
Temporal
What direction will the reflex be for an exotropia on Hirschberg?
Nasal
Do phorias have a symmetrical or asymmetrical reflex on Hirschberg?
Symmetrical
What is the Krimsky test?
Measures deviation after Hirschberg by using prisms.
Correct prism should make the deviating eye reflex ‘match’ the fixating eye
What is the Bruckner test?
Using ophthalmoscope to check corneal reflex and red reflex
What can the Bruckner test look for?
Anisometropia, astigmatism, pupil size asymmetry
What does Donder’s Law state?
→ orientation of the eye is always the same in a specified direction
What does Listing’s Law state?
→ each movement occurs around the centre of rotation on one equatorial plane
(Listing’s plane)
What is SHERRINGTON’S LAW OF RECIPROCAL INNERVATION?
Increased innervation to a muscle gives a decreased innervation to the opposing muscle
What is Hering’s Law?
when innervation to a muscle changes, equal change in innervation occurs in contralateral agonists
What is a comitant deviation?
angle of deviation is the same in all gazes
