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BV and Optometric Neurophysiology > Accommodation and Convergence > Flashcards

Accommodation and Convergence Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average AoA for a 5 year old? (D and cm)

A

5cm
15D

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2
Q

What is the average AoA for a 10 year old? (D and cm)

A

8cm
12.5D

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3
Q

What is the average AoA for a 20 year old? (D and cm)

A

10cm
9.75D

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4
Q

What is the average AoA for a 30 year old? (D and cm)

A

14cm
7.25D

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5
Q

What is the average AoA for a 40 year old? (D and cm)

A

25cm
4D

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6
Q

What is the average AoA for a 50 year old? (D and cm)

A

40cm
2.5D

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7
Q

What is the average AoA for a 60 year old? (D and cm)

A

80cm
1.25D

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8
Q

What is the average AoA for a 70 year old? (D and cm)

A

200cm
0.50D

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9
Q

What is the average AoA for a 75 year old? (D and cm)

A

infinity
0D

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10
Q

What is tonic accommodation?

A

Resting accommodation - when no stimulus at all (e.g. in the dark)

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

What is reflex accommodation?

A

Automatic accommodation in response to retinal blur, corrects for mismatch between proximal and vergence accommodation

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13
Q

What is vergence accommodation?

A

In response to convergence, only occurs if both eyes open

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14
Q

What is proximal accommodation?

A

In response to a stimulus, whether real or perceived

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15
Q

What does accommodative facility test?

A

Px’s ability to switch focus at different distances (i.e. ability to change amount of accommodation)

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16
Q

What is the normal result for accommodative facility for a px under 30?

A

Mono: 11 cycles/min
Binoc: 8 cycles/min

17
Q

What does it mean when the binoc results are equal to mono results on accommodative facility?

A

They are suppressing one eye!

18
Q

What does it mean when a px struggles to stimulate accommodation on the -2D lens during accommodative facility?

A

Accommodative insufficiency

19
Q

What does it mean when a px struggles to relax their accommodation on the +2D lens during accommodative facility?

A

Overaccommodating - possibly latent hyperope

20
Q

What is fusional convergence?

A

Stimulated by retinal disparity, corrects for phoria created by difference between proximal and accommodation vergence (occurs due to low AC/A ratio).
It’s the vergence needed to ensure binocular fixation
If this can’t compensate for a phoria, it will break down into a tropia

21
Q

What is proximal convergence?

A

Stimulated by perceived or real stimulus closer than infinity

22
Q

What is accommodative convergence?

A

Stimulated by accommodation

23
Q

What is tonic convergence?

A

Baseline amount when there is no stimulus (physiologic position of rest due to muscle tonus)

24
Q

What is an accepted normal NPC?

A

Less than 10cm

25
Q

What prisms are used for vergence facility?

A

12BO and 3BI

26
Q

What distance is vergence facility done at?

A

Near

27
Q

What’s the normal result for vergence facility?

A

12-15 cycles/min

BV and Optometric Neurophysiology (7 decks)

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