EO5 - Chapters 12,13,14

Question 1

Agriculture

Answer 1

Humans changing the landscape so they can grow crops and animals for eating and trading.

Question 2

Commercial Agriculture

Answer 2

Farmers grow and sell ONE crop for profit.

Question 3

Subsistence Agriculture

Answer 3

Farmers and their family eats what they grow, with not much food left over for selling. Usually done with simple tools and manual labor.

Question 4

Plant Domestication

Answer 4

Growing, planting, raising, and harvesting of crops.

Question 5

Animal Domestication

Answer 5

Raising and caring for animals for protection or food.

Question 6

First Agricultural Revolution

Answer 6

Domestication of plants and animals.

Question 7

Terrace Farming

Answer 7

Building steps onto the sides of hills to have flat land for growing crops.

Question 8

Irrigation

Answer 8

Moving the flow of water from its source to water plants.

Question 9

Carrying Capacity

Answer 9

Number of people or crops an area can support.

Question 10

Slash-and-Burn, Shifting Cultivation

Answer 10

Crops in an area are cut and burned in the same place.

Question 11

Swidden

Answer 11

A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning.

Question 12

Deforestation

Answer 12

Cutting down large areas of forests.

Question 13

Desertification

Answer 13

Land transforming from fertile to desert.

Question 14

Second Agricultural Revolution

Answer 14

Started in Great Britain in the 18th century accompanied by the Industrial Revolution. Saw improvements in mechanization, transportation, large scale irrigation, and changes in consumption patterns of agricultural goods.

Question 15

Enclosure Acts

Answer 15

Series of laws that let landowners purchase and enclose their land for only their use.

Question 16

Barbed Wire

Answer 16

An inexpensive way to keep livestock trapped.

Question 17

Third Agricultural Revolution

Answer 17

Starting in mid-20th century, science, research, and technology caused the development and dissemination or more efficient farming equipment and practices.

Question 18

Green Revolution

Answer 18

Advancements in plant biology caused higher-yielding, disease-resistant, and faster-growing varieties of grain.

Question 19

GMOs

Answer 19

(Genetically Modified Organism) Engineering techniques by humans to change the DNA of a seed.

Question 20

Pastoral Nomadism

Answer 20

Subsistence agriculture in the developing world where people move from place to place with their herds of domestic animals.

Question 21

Ranching

Answer 21

Commercial agriculture in the developed world where animals graze over large areas while owners stay in one place.

Question 22

Plantation

Answer 22

Large farm for commercial agriculture in LDCs. Usually specializes in one crop.

Question 23

Winter Wheat

Answer 23

Wheat planted in spring, harvested in fall. Grown in colder regions.

Question 24

Spring Wheat

Answer 24

Wheat planted in fall, harvested in summer. Planted in warmer regions.

Question 25

Market Gardening, Truck Farming

Answer 25

Small scale commercial gardening in the U.S. Fruits, vegetables, flowers, etc. sold straight to local people.

Question 26

Milk Shed

Answer 26

Geographic distance in which milk is delivered.

Question 27

Mediterranean Agriculture

Answer 27

Practiced in areas with hot-dry summers, mild winters, narrow valleys, and irrigation systems.

Question 28

Transhumance

Answer 28

Seasonal herding of animals from higher elevations in the summer to lower elevation and valleys in the summer.

Question 29

Livestock Ranching

Answer 29

Commercial agriculture of grazing animals confined to a specific area.

Question 30

Extensive Farming

Answer 30

Uses a large amount of land that yields more output per acre through less intensive farming.

Question 31

Intensive Farming

Question 32

Dairy

Question 33

Double-Cropping

Answer 33

Growing more than one crop in a year.

Question 34

Intercropping

Question 35

Feed Lots

Question 36

Agribusiness

Question 37

Supply Chain

Question 38

Commodity Chain

Question 39

Monoculture

Question 40

Suitcase Farm

Question 41

Cool Chains

Question 42

Luxury Crops

Question 43

Neocolonialism

Question 44

Fair Trade Movement

Question 45

Subsidy

Question 46

Infrastructure

Question 47

Clustered Settlements