ENZYMOLOGY Flashcards
How are enzymes measured?
based on their activity
factors affecting enzymatic reactions
- Coenzymes
2. Activators
General activator of enzymes
Ca, K
No. 1 enzyme activator
Ca
CK and ALP activator
Mg
LD activator
Zn
Amylase activator
Cl
measured in enzyme measurement
product + free enzyme
all that needs dehydrogenase
oxidoreductase
all kinases and transferase
Transferase
esterase and peptidase
Hydrolase
enzymes under esterase
ACP, ALP, Lipase, Cholinesterase
enzyme under esterase
LAP
Most important marker for obstructive jaundice
ALP
secondary pancreatic marker
Trypsin
most important Lyase
aldolase
ALP Isoenzymes
Liver, bone, placental, intestinal
marked increased in
Paget’s disease & Obstrctive jaundice
what is ordered together with ALP to confirm an Obstructive jaundice
GGT
MOST anodal ALP
Liver ALP
least anodal ALP
intestinal ALP
most heat stable ALP
Placental ALP
most heat labile ALP
Bone ALP
Heat fractionization test/ heat stability test
std. temp: 56’C
time: 10-15 mins
no reagent
Chemical inhibition tests for ALP
- Phenylalanine
- 3M Urea
- Levamisole
in Chemical inhibition tests for ALP, inhibits placental ALP
Phenylalanine
inhibits bone ALP
3M urea
Inhibits Major ALP
bone & liver
Caranoplacental ALP
- Regan ALP
2. Nagao ALP
Most heat stable Caranoplacental ALP
Regan ALP
inhibited by Leucine and increased in Adenocarcinoma
Nagao ALP
methods for ALP
- Bessy-Lowry Brock
2. Bower’s and comb (ALP & GGT)
most specific method for ALP
Bessy-Lowry Brock
significant marker for MI, lover dse, & skeletal muscle disease
Transferase
Uses Karmen method (Aspartate)
Transferase
major tissue source of ALT
Liver
