Enzymes (test 1) Flashcards
Hexokinase
Glucose to G6P
Rate Limiting step of Glycolysis
Phosphoglucose Isomerase (PGI)
G6P to F6P
Phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1)
F6P to Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate
Rate Limiting Step of Glycolysis
Inhibited by Citrate
Enolase
2-Phosphoglycerate to Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
Inhibited by Fluoride
Pyruvate Kinase
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to Pyruvate
Aldolase
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to Dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP)
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Cleaves glucose from the non reducing end of a glycogen branch and phosphorylates it, producing glucose-1-phosphate
Amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase
Breaks alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds on branched glycogen, leaving free glucose
Phosphoglucomutase
Glucose-1-Phosphate to Glucose-6-Phosphate
Glucose-6-Phosphatase
G6P to Glucose
Only in Liver and Kidney
Deficiency leads to Von Gierke Disease - inability to metabolize glycogen stores
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA
E1 of PDH Complex
Pyruvate Carboxylase
Pyruvate to Oxaloacetate
Pyruvate Decarboxylase
Pyruvate to Acetaldehyde
G6P Dehydrogenase
First Step of PPP
NADPH production in RBC
Without the enzyme and NADPH, antioxidant Glutathione response can’t occur
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase
Oxaloacetate to Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
Irreversible step in Gluconeogenesis
Glycerol Kinase
Glycerol to Glycerol-3-Phosphate
Only in Liver, can’t occur in adipose cells
In Gluconeogenesis
Transaminase
Removes amino groups from Alanine, Serine, Glycine, Cysteine, and Threonine
Makes Pyruvate
In Gluconeogenesis
Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase
F-1,6-P to F-6-P
Irreversible step in Gluconeogenesis
Phosphoglycerate Kinase
1-3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate
Irreversible step in Glycolysis
