Enzymes Flashcards
Enzyme + type of protein
Biological catalysts that interact with substrate molecules to facilitate reactions.
Globular proteins
Substrate
A substance used or acted on by another process or substance.
A reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
Complementary to the active site
Product
The final substance formed from the reaction facilitated by the enzyme.
Why are enzymes necessary to life
Enzymes help catalyze important reactions in metabolic pathways essential for life.
Anabolic reactions
Reactions that require energy that form larger, more complex molecules from smaller molecules.
Catabolic reactions
The breaking apart of molecules into smaller molecules to release energy
Digestion
The breaking down of chemicals in the body to a form that can be absorbed and used.
Metabolism
The sum of the chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a living organism and that provide energy for vital processes and for synthesizing new organic material.
Intracellular enzyme
Enzymes that act within cells: very sensitive to factors of rate of reaction.
Extracellular enzyme
Enzymes released from cells to break down these large (nutrient) molecules into smaller molecules that are taken in ie. for digestion.
Examples of intracellular enzyme
Catalase
Examples of extracellular enzyme
Amylase, Trypsin
Substrate and Product of Catalase
Catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen
Substrate and Product of Amylase
Amylose to Maltose
Substrate and Product of Trypsin.
Proteins to smaller peptides