Cell structure Flashcards
Eukaryotic Cell
A cell that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Ultrastructure
The structural features that are seen in a cell under an electron microscope
Nucleus
Contains all DNA in form of chromosomes that code for proteins.
Controls all metabolic processes in the cell.
Has an envelope that controls substances that move across nucleus.
Nucleolus
Contains proteins and RNA that are used to synthesize ribosomes.
Mitochondria
Site of aerobic respiration and production of ATP.
Double membrane- Cristae and fluid Matrix
Contains mitochondrial DNA mtDNA
Vesicles
Membranous sacs that have storage and transport roles.
Contain fluid
Lysosomes
Vesicles that contain hydrolytic enzymes.
Tasked with breaking down waste materials and pathogens.
RER
It Has ribosomes bound to the surface
Responsible for synthesis and transport of proteins
SER
Responsible for lipid and carbohydrate synthesis, and storage.
Golgi body
Contains compact structure formed of cisternae
Modifies and packages proteins into vesicles.
Ribosomes
80s
Constructed of RNA
Site of protein synthesis
Cell Surface Membrane
Partially permeable
Controls which substances enter and exit cell
Cell wall
Made of cellulose.
Rigid structure and high tensile strength
Freely permeable
Supports individual cells.
Cilia
Hair like extensions
Mobile/Stationary cilia.
Stationary important for sensory
Mobile beat in rhythm: causing movement of substances eg mucus.
9+2 arrangement two central + nine outer microtubules
Intermediate Fibres
Give mechanical strength to cells and help maintain integrity.