Enzymes

Question 1

what types of bonds are formed in each structure of the protein?

Answer 1

Primary: peptide

secondary: H bonds (btw the N-H group and C=O group)

Tertiary: van der waals, ionic interaction, disulfide bridges, hydrophobic interactions, H bonds.

Question 2

5 main functions of glycoprotein

Answer 2

1. protein stabilization
2. affects solubility
3. protein orientation
4. signalling
5. cell recognition

Question 3

HbA1C

Answer 3

glycosylated form of haemoglobin when it is bound by sugar in the blood
- measure of diabetes

Question 4

lipoprotein function

Answer 4

transporting large molecules that is hydrophobic, like fats

Question 5

metalloprotein functions

Answer 5

transport - Hb
storage
signalling

Question 6

mutations of LDL - familial hypercholesterolemia

Answer 6

class 1 - no LDL receptors produced
class 2 - receptors never presented on the cell surface 
class 3 - receptors don't recognize LDL
class 4 - receptors don't result in internalization of LDL
class 5 - receptors don't release LDL after binding.

Question 7

glycokinase vs hexokinase

Answer 7

enzymes that provide glucose 6 phosphate for synthesis of glycogen (Glucose + ATP –> G6P + ADP)
glycokinase is only present in liver cells while hexokinase is present in all cells.
glycokinase: low km, high Vmax, controlled by insulin
hexokinase: high Km, low Vmax

low bg: hexokinase works, not glcokinase
high bg: hexokinase already working at full speed, glycokinase activated and liver takes up the excess glucose

Question 8

ternary complex formation

Answer 8

when the enzyme involved more than 1 substrate, and will go through them one at a time
can be random or ordered