Enzymes Flashcards
What type of derivatives are prosthetic groups and coenzymes of vitamins?
Water-soluble vitamin derivatives
The main clinical symptoms of dietary vitamin insufficiency generally arise from the malfunction of ________, due to lack of ________ for homeostasis
- Enzymes
- cofactors
What is the term for an enzyme that act as a transporter of chemical groups?
Coenzymes
What vitamin deficiency causes Beriberi and what are its symptoms?
Thiamine (B1)
- WEIGHT LOSS
- HEART ISSUES
- NEURO DYSFUNCTION
What vitamin deficiency causes depression, confusion, and convulsions?
Pyroxidine (B6)
What vitamin deficiency causes cheliosis, angular stomatitis, and dermatitis?
Riboflavin (B2)
What vitamin deficiency causes Pellagra and what are its symptoms?
Niacin 3D's -DIARRHEA -DEPRESSION -DERMATITIS
What information will the delta G of a reaction provide? What does delta G not describe?
-Spontaneity
-rate
(enzymes dont alter delta G)
How do enzymes accelerate chemical reactions?
By lowering activation energy
Name 4 common catalytic strategies performed by enzymes.
1) Acid-base
2) Covalent
3) Metal Ion (Electrostatic)
4) Proximity/orientation
What form of catalysis involves strained substrate bonds?
How is this caused and what does this interaction result in?
Metal Ion (electrostatic)
- induces structural rearrangement during binding
- result = transition state
What increases the [S] required for 50% activity?
An allosteric inhibitor
What type of allosteric modifier is usually a substrate and generally only activates the enzyme?
Homotropic
Which class of enzymes adds or remove H+ on many chemical groups?
Oxidoreductases
Which class of enzymes transfers functional groups between donor and acceptor?
Transferases
