Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes

Answer 1

Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
Each enzyme is specific. This means it only catalyses one reaction, and only interacts with one substrate molecule.

Question 2

Carbohydrase

Answer 2

The enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.
It is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas.
It works in the mouth and small intestine

Question 3

Lipase

Answer 3

Lipase is the enzyme that breaks down lipids.
It is produced in the pancreas and small intestine.
It works in the small intestine.

Question 4

Protease

Answer 4

Protease is the enzyme that breaks down proteins
It is produced in the pancreas, stomach and small intestine.
It works in the stomach and small intestine.

Question 5

Active site

Answer 5

The area of the enzyme that the substrate fits into to react. Each active site is specific shape to each substrate.

Question 6

Denaturing

Answer 6

When an enzyme is denatured, it will no longer work and the damage is irreversible.
This happens when:
-The temperature gets too high
-The pH changes too much.

Question 7

Factors that increase the rate of enzyme action:

Answer 7

• Enzymes work faster under high temperatures.
• Above 40 degrees, enzymes start becoming denatured and rate of reaction decreases.
• If there is a change in pH range, enzymes become denatured.

Question 8

Rate of reaction =

Answer 8

Amount of product formed divided by time.

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell or body.

It requires ATP energy from respiration and is controlled by enzymes.