Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

Enzymes

A

Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
Each enzyme is specific. This means it only catalyses one reaction, and only interacts with one substrate molecule.

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2
Q

Carbohydrase

A

The enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.
It is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas.
It works in the mouth and small intestine

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3
Q

Lipase

A

Lipase is the enzyme that breaks down lipids.
It is produced in the pancreas and small intestine.
It works in the small intestine.

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4
Q

Protease

A

Protease is the enzyme that breaks down proteins
It is produced in the pancreas, stomach and small intestine.
It works in the stomach and small intestine.

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5
Q

Active site

A

The area of the enzyme that the substrate fits into to react. Each active site is specific shape to each substrate.

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6
Q

Denaturing

A

When an enzyme is denatured, it will no longer work and the damage is irreversible.
This happens when:
-The temperature gets too high
-The pH changes too much.

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7
Q

Factors that increase the rate of enzyme action:

A
  • Enzymes work faster under high temperatures.
  • Above 40 degrees, enzymes start becoming denatured and rate of reaction decreases.
  • If there is a change in pH range, enzymes become denatured.
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8
Q

Rate of reaction =

A

Amount of product formed divided by time.

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9
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell or body.

It requires ATP energy from respiration and is controlled by enzymes.

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