Enzymes

Question 1

Oxidoreductases

Answer 1

Enzymes that catalyze oxidations & reductions

Question 2

Transferases

Answer 2

Enzymes that catalyze transfer of moieties such as glycosyl, methyl, or phosphoryl groups

Question 3

Hydrolases

Answer 3

Enzymes that catalyze hydrolytic cleavage of C–C, C–O, C–N, & other covalent bonds

Question 4

Lyases

Answer 4

Enzymes that catalyze cleavage of C–C, C–O, C–N, & other covalent bonds by atom elimination, generating double bonds

Question 5

Isomerases

Answer 5

Enzymes that catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule

Question 6

Ligases

Answer 6

Enzymes that catalyze the joining together (ligation) of two molecules in reactions coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP

Question 7

Ligases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 7

6

Question 8

Isomerases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 8

5

Question 9

Lyases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 9

4

Question 10

Hydrolases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 10

3

Question 11

Transferases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 11

2

Question 12

Oxidoreductases (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 12

1

Question 13

1 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 13

Oxidoreductases

Question 14

2 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 14

Transferases

Question 15

3 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 15

Hydrolases

Question 16

4 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 16

Lyases

Question 17

5 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 17

Isomerases

Question 18

6 (Enzyme Classification Number)

Answer 18

Ligases

Question 19

3 Buffers of the Body

Answer 19

• Bicarbonate
• Phosphate
• Proteins

Question 20

3 Factors that cause Hemoglobin to give off Oxygen

Answer 20

• Increase in CO₂
• Decrease in pO₂
• Increase in concentration of H⁺ ions

Question 21

Pepsin

Answer 21

• Digestive Enzyme
• Catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bond
• Functions best in acidic environment

Question 22

Trypsin

Answer 22

• Digestive enzyme
• Catalyzes hydrolysis of peptide bond
• Available in high quantities in the pancrases
• Can be used to break down casein in milk

Question 23

Chymotrysin

Answer 23

• Cleaves peptides at the carboxyl side of tyrosine, tryptophan, & phenylalanine
• Synthesized in the pancreas

Question 24

Apoenzyme

Answer 24

• Protein portion
• Inactive

Question 25

Cofactor

Answer 25

• Nonprotein portion
• Metal ions are common cofactors
• Activator

Question 26

Holoenzyme

Answer 26

• Whole enzyme
• Active

Question 27

Prosthetic Groups

Answer 27

Cofactors when they are bound tightly to the enzyme

Question 28

Coenzymes

Answer 28

• Loosely-bound cofactors
• Common;y vitamins