enzymes

Question 1

what is an enzyme ?

Answer 1

biological catalyst that speeds up the useful chemical reactions in the body

Question 2

active site of an enzyme

Answer 2

section of an enzyme that has a specific shape to allow the substrate to attach to it perfectly

Question 3

substrate of an enzyme

Answer 3

substance that attaches perfectly to the active site

Question 4

lock and key model

Answer 4

substrate fits into active site just like a lock and a key

Question 5

enzymes involved in digestion

Answer 5

amylase , protease, lipase

Question 6

amylase

Answer 6

starch –> maltose + other simple sugars

Question 7

protease

Answer 7

proteins –> amino acids

Question 8

lipase

Answer 8

lipids –> fatty acids + glycerol

Question 9

what are the 3 factors that affect enzyme activity ?

Answer 9

pH
temperature
substrate concentration

Question 10

effect of pH on enzyme activity

Answer 10

as pH increases activity increases
until the optimum pH is reached
past this point, activity would start to decrease
enzyme active site beings to change shape, substrate can no longer fit
this is an enzyme denaturing

Question 11

effect of temperature on enzyme activity

Answer 11

as temp increases activity increases
until optimum temp is reached
past this point, activity would start to decrease
enzyme active site begins to change shape, substrate can no longer fit
this is an enzyme denaturing

Question 12

effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity

Answer 12

more substrate concentration, faster rate of reaction
true up to a certain point
past the point, all active sites are full so no more substrate molecules can react
so the reaction wouldn’t get any faster