Enzymes 1

Question 1

When was biological catalysis first recognized and described?

Answer 1

1700s

Question 2

How is biological catalysis first recognized?

Answer 2

studies of digestion of meat by secretions of the stomach

Question 3

Who demonstrated that cell-free yeast extracts could ferment sugar to alcohol?

Answer 3

Eduard Buchner

Question 4

When did Eduard Buchner demonstrated that cell-free yeast extracts could
ferment sugar to alcohol?

Answer 4

1897

Question 5

proved that fermentation was
promoted by molecules that continued to function when removed from cells.

Answer 5

Eduard Buchner

Question 6

theorized that biological catalysis was a process inseparable from living systems

Answer 6

Louis Pasteur

Question 7

gave the name enzymes to the molecules detected by Buchner

Answer 7

Frederick W. Kühne

Question 8

from what Greek word is enzymes derived?

Answer 8

enzymos

Question 9

What does enzymos mean?

Answer 9

leavened

Question 10

When was enzymes known to be proteins?

Answer 10

Late 1920s

Question 11

Who isolated and crystallize the enzyme urease?

Answer 11

James Sumner

Question 12

What enzyme did James Sumner crystallize and isolated?

Answer 12

urease

Question 13

Enzyme-protein was accepted on

Answer 13

1930 (through the help of works by Northrop, Kunitz)

Question 14

True or False: With the exception of a few classes of catalytic RNA molecules enzymes are
proteins.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True or False: With the exception of a few classes of catalytic DNA molecules enzymes are
proteins.

Answer 15

False; catalytic RNA molecules

Question 16

Enzymes catalytic activity depends on the integrity of their ___________

Answer 16

native protein conformation

Question 17

If an enzyme is denatured or dissociated into its subunits, catalytic activity is ________

Answer 17

usually lost

Question 18

True or False: The catalytic activity of each enzyme is intimately linked to
its primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

The catalytic activity of each enzyme is intimately linked to
its

Answer 19

primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary protein structure

Question 20

Enzymes sometimes require an additional chemical component called

Answer 20

cofactor

Question 21

Enzymes sometimes require an additional complex organic or metalloorganic molecules called

Answer 21

coenzyme

Question 22

act as transient carriers of specific functional groups

Answer 22

coenzyme

Question 23

Most are derived from vitamins, organic nutrients required in small amounts in the diet.

Answer 23

coenzyme

Question 24

True or False: Coenzymes are mostly derived from vitamins, organic nutrients required in huge amounts in the diet.

Answer 24

False; small amounts