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Gsa Desk > Environmental Science > Flashcards

Environmental Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is smog

A

Combination of two words smoke and fog
Used in 1900 to describe the combination of both
Consist of ozone molecules and along with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide

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2
Q

Effects of smoke

A

Respiratory disease
Reduce photosynthesis
Environmental pollution
Vision problems
Eyes problems

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3
Q

Ozone depletion

A

The reduction in the earth cover ozone layer due to anthropogenic activities is called ozone depletion ( epa)

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4
Q

Gases involved in the thinning of ozone layer

A

Chloro fluro cfc

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5
Q

Air pollution

A

The continmattion of air due to realeze of harmful substances ( Merriam Webster)

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6
Q

Causes of air pollution

A

Anthropogenic activities ( industries, green house gases, vehicles) natural causes Volcanic eruption, wildfire

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7
Q

Causes of air pollution

A

Anthropogenic activities ( industries, green house gases, vehicles) natural causes Volcanic eruption, wildfire

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8
Q

Prevention measures

A

Green transport, rewnable energy,

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9
Q

Water pollution

A

Addition of unwanted harmful substances into the water bodies usually due to man-made activities ( Merriam Webster))

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10
Q

Types of water pollution

A

Surface and unground water pollution

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11
Q

Causes of water pollution

A

Anthropogenic ( industrial waste, drainage system, waste dumping.
Natural ( growth of pathogens

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12
Q

Solutions

A

Proper disposal of waste, management of industrial waste, drainage system and use of chemicals to kill pathogens

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13
Q

Land pollution

A

The degradation of earth surface often caused by human activities is called land pollution. Oxford dictionary

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14
Q

Causes

A

Grabbage,mining, factories, urbanisation,

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15
Q

Effects of land pollution

A

Health hazard, reduction in agriculture, economic loss. Loss of biodiversity, mass migration

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16
Q

Solutions

A

Effective use of land, avoid excessive use of natural resources, avoid mining, proper maintenance of solid waste.

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17
Q

Solid waste management

A

The process of collecting, treating, disposing of solid material collection of theme is called solid waste management ( Oxford dictionary).

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18
Q

Process of solid waste management

A

Collection, transportation,segeration, disposal

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19
Q

Natural disasters ( tsunami)

A

The series of extremely long waves, seismic,or tidal wave. It is a catastrophic ocean wave caused by submrine , earthquake or Under water nuclear explosion. ( Britannica encyclopaedia)

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20
Q

Characteristic of tusanami

A

Long wavelength, point of origin aand and spread across the sea , small aptitude, most disasterous disaster.

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21
Q

Effects

A

Loss of economy, threat to man-made Infrastructure

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22
Q

Prevention,

A

Building wall like Japan . Advance forecast measures

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23
Q

Earthquake

A

The sudden release of energy from Earth’s crust results in seismic waves.( Collins dictionary)

24
Q

Causes

A

Sudden movement of tactonic plates

25
Q

Effects

A

Outbreak of fire, loss of life, threat to man-made Infrastructure. Economic loss

26
Q

Measures

A

Earthquake resistant building, (Japan)effective role of national disaster management authority.

27
Q

Volcanic eruption

A

The sudden outbreak of fire from mountains.

28
Q

Causes

A

Population movement, tectonic plates movement

29
Q

Causes

A

Population movement, tectonic plates movement

30
Q

Effects

A

Loss of biodiversity, air pollution, Loss of man made infrastructure

31
Q

Wild Fire

A

An uncontrolled fire wiping out fields. usually happened in country side or Wild area typically that started accidentally Oxford dictionary

32
Q

Causes

A

Deforestation, dry weather, campfires, smoking

33
Q

Effects

A

Air pollution, loss of biodiversity, economic loss, infrastructure loss,soil erosion.

34
Q

Control measures

A

Fire lines, use remote sensing, awarness, early actions

35
Q

Urban fire

A

A fire that occurred in urban areas typically involving building, structures or other man-made Infrastructure. Merriam Webster

36
Q

Causes

A

Cooking equipment, heating equipment, candles electric

37
Q

Avalanche

A

The sudden great mass of snow or rock rushing down the side of the mountains. Collins dictionary

38
Q

Types of avalanche

A

Loose ( small amount of snow on surface
, slab ( when snow slides down a slope. Fromed from wind and snow. Refered as wind slab

39
Q

Effects

A

Loss of infrastructure, loss of funa flora, impact tourism.

40
Q

Drought

A

Deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time. ( national draught mitigation centre)

41
Q

Causes

A

Deforestation, global warming , dry weather, mismanagement of resources

42
Q

Impacts

A

Economic loss, migration, biodiversity loss, water crisis, malnutrition

43
Q

Solutions

A

Small dams, water management, deforestation, avoid water pollution, reuse, recycle, reduce and desalination of sea water

44
Q

Tropical cyclone

A

The orginzed system of wind thunder storms over a tropical area is called tropical cyclone ( Merriam Webster)

45
Q

Tornado

A

It is violently rotating column of air that extends between the Earth’s surface and a cloud.

46
Q

Effects

A

Loss of infrastructure,,,, agricultural, human life

47
Q

Ceramics

A

Inorganic, non metallic solid made up of clay through heating

48
Q

Properties

A

Hard, used in building, military strategy, durable. Strong

49
Q

Plastics

A

Made up of large organic molecules. Light in weight, multiple colours, elastic in nature. Non magnetic in nature, durable.

50
Q

Antibiotics

A

Naturally occurring semi synthetic and synthetic type of Agent that destroys the growth of organisms.
Bacteriostatic
Fungus.

51
Q

Fertilizer

A

It is an inorganic material of natural synthetic orgin that is added to increase the productivity of soil.

52
Q

Macro nutrients

A

They require in large quantity

53
Q

Micro nutrients

A

Required in small amount

54
Q

Hazards of fertilizers

A

Nutrients pollution, soil activity, ground water pollution

55
Q

Pesticides

A

Chemical used to kill harmful insects, small animals. ( Cambridge dictionary)

56
Q

Vaccines

A

A prepartition containing dead or weakened from of the bacteria or virus used to prevent from diseases

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