Environmental Sci: Chapter 2 Ecology of Life

Question 1

The study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

It seeks to understand the vital connections between living organisms and the world around them.

Answer 2

Ecology

Question 3

What are the two subdivisions of ecology?

Answer 3

Autecology and Synecology

Question 4

It deals with the study of the individual organism, its life history, behavior, characteristics and its adaptation to the environment.

Answer 4

Autecology

Question 5

What are the three categories used for autecology?

Answer 5

a) Temperature-dependent sex determination
b) Difference in bill size and shape of Finches in Galapagos island
c) Changes in RBC number when in high altitude area

Question 6

It deals with the study of groups of organisms which are associated as a unit in relation to its environment.

Answer 6

Synecology

Question 7

The complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space.

Answer 7

Ecosystem

Question 8

All organisms and within this place are interacting all the time and adjustments must occur if the organism is to survive.

Answer 8

Ecosystem

Question 9

Occurs when there is relationship between two different organisms, in which partner benefits from the relationship.

Answer 9

Mutualism

Question 10

Occurs when there is a relationship between two different organisms, in which one partner benefits from the relationship, while the other is harmed. Typically, the partner that benefits (parasite), lives on or in the other organisms (host) and feeds on it.

Answer 10

Parasitism

Question 11

Occurs when there is a relationship between two different organisms, in which one partner benefits from the relationship, while the other neither benefits, nor is harmed.

Answer 11

Commensalism

Question 12

This is a biological interaction where a predator (an organism that is hunting) feeds on its prey ( the organism that is attacked).

Answer 12

Predation

Question 13

This will occur between organisms in an ecosystem when their niches overlap, they both try to use the same resource and the resource is in short supply.

Answer 13

Competition

Question 14

These are the forms of an environment resistance that limits the population. The things that keep population from growing too large

Answer 14

Limiting Factors

Question 15

What are the two general classification of limiting factors?

Answer 15

Density Independent factors and Density dependent factors

Question 16

This can affect the population no matter what its density is

Answer 16

Density Independent Factors

Question 17

This can only affect a population when it reaches a certain density

Answer 17

Density Dependent Factors

Question 18

State the four density independent factors

Answer 18

1. Natural Disasters
2. Temperature
3. Sunlight
4. Human Activities

Question 19

State the three density dependent factors

Answer 19

1. Competition
2. Predation
3. Diseases

Question 20

This is an important ecological factor. It brings about changes in the life forms of plants and animals.
It is very irregularly distributed on the earth’s surface.

Answer 20

Water

Question 21

The three types of plants according to water requirements

Answer 21

Hydrophytes, Mesophytes, and Xerophytes

Question 22

These plants can survive in aquatic environments

Answer 22

Hydrophytes

Question 23

These plants require to be in plenty of moisture and watery conditions

Answer 23

Hydrophytes

Question 24

These plants’ stomata are usually absent

Answer 24

Hydrophytes

Question 25

These are plants that can survive in moderate climates and tend to be in semi-arid zones

Answer 25

Mesophytes

Question 26

These are plants that can survive in physiologically dry conditions

Answer 26

Xerophytes

Question 27

In what zone do xerophytes require?

Answer 27

Arid Zone

Question 28

These plants’ stomata have been exposed on the leaf surfaces

Answer 28

Mesophytes

Question 29

These plants have very less stomata that are sunken

Answer 29

Xerophytes

Question 30

On land, the character of this determines largely the character of vegetation and the types of animals that maintain themselves upon it

Answer 30

Soil

Question 31

This is soil which is good for agriculture and made up particles of gravel sand and clay with the addition of organic materials called humus.

Answer 31

Loam

Question 32

Smallest organic particle of soil compared with silt and sand. It retains water before drying; it is sticky and not suitable for plant growth. Water moves very slowly.

Answer 32

Clay

Question 33

Made up of very fine particles of soil and clay. Deposited as sediments.

Answer 33

Silt

Question 34

Inorganic soil particles those are larger than silt and clay. Plants do not grow well because water goes rapidly through the spaces between particle, and water dries quickly.

Answer 34

Sand

Question 35

For microorganisms, how are they classified for temperature?

Answer 35

Psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles