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NEBOSH Environmental Diploma Unit ED1 2023 > Environmental Management Systems and Emergency Planning > Flashcards

Environmental Management Systems and Emergency Planning Flashcards

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1
Q

What does EMS Stand for?

A

Environmental Management System

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2
Q

What are EMS systems - including ISO14001 standard) based on?

A

PDCA
Plan
Do
Check
Act

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3
Q

What are the seven EMS clauses with ISO14001:2015?

A

> Context of the Organisation

> Leadership

> Planning

> Support

> Operation

> Performance Evaluation

> Improvement

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4
Q

What is EMAS?

A

Eco-Management and Audit Scheme

A voluntary EU initiative designed to improve a companies environmental performance.

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5
Q

What is the difference between ISO14001:2015 and EMAS?

A

ISO14001:2015 is an international standard

EMAS is a European standard

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6
Q

What are the specific differences between EMAS and ISO14001:2015?

A

Seven Differences:

> EMAS requires an initial environmental review

> EMAS requires preparation of a detailed public Environmental Statement which must be verified by a third party (IEMA in the UK)

> EMAS requires that an open dialogue be established with the public and other interested parties

> EMAS uses stronger and more specific language about legal compliance

> EMAS is site based whereas ISO14001 can be organisation-wide (although there is scope for EMAS multi-site verification for listed industry sectors)

> EMAS specifically states requirements for employee involvement in the management system

> EMAS has a three year audit cycle - there is no specific audit cycle set in ISO14001.

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7
Q

What is BS8555?

A

it is a British Standard that describes how to implement a generic EMS.

It can be used as a route towards ISO14401:2015 and EMAS

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8
Q

What are the phases of the BS8555 standard?

A

There are five phases

> Leadership, context and commitment

> Ensure compliance

> Plan and develop the EMS

> Implement the EMS

> Check and update the EMS

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9
Q

What are the Steps in Implementing an EMS?

A

An initial review may be undertaken prior to EMS implementation.

There are then four stages of the review process

> review team selection

> preparation

> site review

> review report

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10
Q

Explain ‘Context of the Organisation’

A

An organisation must understand its context.

Including internal and external relevant issues, such as the environmental conditions that may be affected by the organisation, or could be affected by the organisation.

The scope of the EMS must be determined, documented and made available to interested parties.

ISO14001:2015 requires that an organisation establish, implement, maintain and continually improve an ISO140001 compliant EMS.

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11
Q

What three things must be required of the Leadership of an Organisation in implementing an EMS?

A

> Top management must demonstrate leadership and commitment to the EMS

> Environmental roles and responsibilities must be assigned and communicated.

> An environmental policy must be produced. (This is a public declaration of the senior team of an organisation of their commitment to protecting the environment)

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12
Q

What are the elements of an Environmental Policy?

A

The policy must:

> be appropriate

> be available to interested parties

> commit to continual improvement

> commit to fulfil compliance obligations

> be documented

> commit to the protection of the environment (including prevention of pollution)

> provide a framework for setting objectives

> be communicated within the organisation

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13
Q

What are the steps of planning in for the implementation of an EMS?

A

Key Requirements are:

> evaluation of significant environmental aspects and impacts of the organisations activities, products and services on each occupied site

> prepare objectives to help the organisation meet the commitments and goals established in the environmental policy

> ISO14001 is not specific about the type of environmental objectives that should be set it is common for organisations to set strategic objective

> low level objectives and action plans, all of which link together

> objective types can be categorised as monitoring, management and improvement. An action plan consists of a task, timescale, and responsibility for implementation

> Have access to documented compliance obligations

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14
Q

What support is required for the implementation of an EMS?

A

> The organisation must understand and provide the resources required for the implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the EMS

> Requirements for competence are present in this part of the standard

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15
Q

In terms of support for the implementation of an EMS what must those who work under an organisations control be aware of?

A

> the environmental policy

> significant environmental aspects and impacts

> their contribution to the effectiveness of the EMS

> implications of not complying with the EMS

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16
Q

In terms of support for the implementation of an EMS what must be considered in respect of ISO14001?

A

> internal communications between the various levels and functions of the organisation

> external communication of information relevant to the EMS (as communicated and required by compliance obligations)

> certain document information requirements for creating and updating documented information and document control

> specific requirements are present for the standard of various information to be documented.

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17
Q

In terms of operation requirements for the implementation of an EMS what must you be aware of?

A

Certain activities and operations must be controlled within the EMS.

The standard states that controls can be both procedural and engineering and may follow a hierarchy of elimination, substitution and administration.

Organisations must develop and maintain documented processes to identify and respond to accidents and emergencies.

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18
Q

In terms of performance evaluation requirements for the implementation of an EMS what must you be aware of?

A

An organisations performance must be:
~ monitored
~ measured
~ analysed
~ evaluated

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19
Q

ISO14001:2015 audit programmes should cover what?

A

> the activities and areas to be considered in audits

> the frequency of audits

> the responsibilities associated with managing and conducting audits

> the communication of audit results

> auditor competence

> how audits are to be conducted

20
Q

Regular Reviews of the EMS by senior management team should include what?

A

> status of actions from previous reviews
changes in significant aspects
internal and external issues
the extent to which objectives have been reached
how adequate resources are
communications from interested parties (including complaints)
areas where there are opportunities for continual improvement

> information on the environmental performance of the organisation, such as
~ trends in monitoring results
~ fulfillment of compliance obligations
~ audit results

21
Q

Regular Outputs from Reviews of the EMS by senior management team should include what?

A

> whether the EMS is still suitable, adequate and effective

> decisions that are linked to continual improvement

> action when environmental objectives have not been met

> areas where the EMS could be integrated with other business processes

> implications for the strategic direction of the organisation

22
Q

What are the improvement areas following a review of the EMS?

A

> action required to eliminate the cause of any non-conformity to ensure that it does not happen again

> any corrective action implemented must be reviewed for its effectiveness

> documentary evidence must be retained as to the nature of any non-conformities, the actions taken to correct them and the results of those changes

23
Q

What are the Benefits of Integrating Management Systems?

A

> an IMS offers the prospect of more rewarding career opportunities for specialists in each discipline

> the objectives and processes of management systems are essentially the same

> integrations should lead to the avoidance of duplication, eg personnel, meetings, etc

> should reduce the possibility of resolving problems at the expense of creating new difficulties in other disciplines

24
Q

What are the Limitations of Integrating Management Systems?

A

> existing systems may work well already

> uncertainties regarding key terms would be exacerbated in an IMS

> system requirements may vary across topics covered

> H&S and environmental performances are underpinned by statute law, whereas QS requirements are largely determined by customer specification.

25
Q

In relation to Presentation of Information on Environmental Management Performance.

What are the sources of Information Internal to the Organisation?

A

> inspection/audit reports
maintenance records
job/task analysis
environmental monitoring data
raw material usage and supply
environmental permits

26
Q

In relation to Presentation of Information on Environmental Management Performance.

What are the sources of Information External to the Organisation?

A

> manufacturers data
enforcement bodies guidance documents on compliance with environmental law and promoting good practice
Government supported organisations
trade associations
commercial organisations
encyclopedias and textbooks

27
Q

In relation to Presentation of Information on Environmental Management Performance.

What are the four ways environmental data can be collected or expressed?

A

> Absolute Data on Environmental Performance - usually collected over a set period of time (eg total annual water consumption

> Normalised Data - ensures that relationships between data are clear by comparing two sets of absolute figures with each other (eg mileage travelled by litres of fuel)

> Qualitative (‘soft’) Data - describes a meaning rather than some kind of analytical consideration and generates data that is non-numerical

> Quantitative (‘hard’) Data - represents numbers and frequencies

28
Q

What are the parts of the framework for management of environmental data?

A

Three parts:

> Identification of sources of data
generating data
management of data

29
Q

How do you Verify and provide Assurance of Data?

A

comparison against the following factors is used to verify and assure the quality of accountancy data and can therefore be applied in a similar way to environmental data

> materiality
completeness
responsiveness

30
Q

What is CSR?

A

Corporate Social Responsibility

31
Q

What are the three areas a CSR should cover?

A

Environmental
Social
Economic Sustainability

sometimes called ESG Report and it is largely a voluntary activity but most companies (especially on stock market) are expected to provide one

32
Q

What is GRI?

A

Global Reporting Initiative

33
Q

What are the drivers for companies to report on environmental and other corporate social responsibility information?

A

> Legal
Financial
Voluntary Standards
The Medica, NGOs’ and general public

34
Q

What are the stages of Producing and Presenting Meaningful Information?

A

three stages to ensure report is produced to a high standard

> secure management commitment
develop a reporting team
define your reporting objectives and scope

35
Q

The GRI Sustainability Reporting Standards are what?

A

There are three and were updated to be effective for all reports from 01/01/2023

> GR101 Foundation - sets out the reporting principles for report content and quality

> GRI102 General Disclosures - used to report contextual information regarding and organisation and its reporting practices

> GRI103 Management Approach - provides guidance about the way in which an organisation manages a material topic

> 200,300, 400 series are topic-specific standards that are used to report an organisations economic, environmental and social impacts

36
Q

What is benchmarking?

A

Benchmarking is an internal and external comparative assessment.

37
Q

What objectives should benchmarking include?

A

> Assess Significance - in comparison to similar operations?

> Identify Areas for Improvement - if discharges or emissions are relatively high then it may be technically feasible to reduce them

> Justify Performance - if discharges or emissions are relatively low then this would make their reduction less of a priority

> Set Performance Targets - it would make sense to set reduction targets in line with what seems reasonable

38
Q

Environmental Policies, Procedures, and Systems of Work may need to be implemented. What could they involve?

A

> setting of roles, responsibilities, and authorities

> competence, training and awareness

> communication

> the development of relevant documentation

39
Q

Why could complaints be a good indication of the adequcy of environmental measures?

A

because they will highlight qualitative issues and recorded and then should be acted on

40
Q

Principles of Assessing and Managing Contractors - how can a client manage a contractor(s)?

A

Three Key areas

> selecting the contractor
planning the work
monitoring the work

41
Q

In respect of Principles of Assessing and Managing Contractors. Who is responsible for environmental impacts caused?

A

Contractors are responsible for their own environmental impacts

They must also ensure that they do not create a significant environmental impact for their client from the work that they undertake

42
Q

How Many Emergency Plans Should be Created?

A

Two

> Internal - should include details of the arrangements in place to assist with an external emergency

> External

and they should be complimentary to each other.

43
Q

What should Emergency Plans in Relation to Environmental Pollution include?

A

> event
location
potential for harm
existing instructions for dealing with the problem
immediate actions to be taken
control of the event
assessment of the event
response
damage limitation action
recovery plan

44
Q

Emergency Plans need to be monitored for ongoing effectiveness. Describe one possible method.

A

> completeness, consistency and accuracy of the emergency plan and other documentation used by organisations responding to an emergency

> adequacy of the equipment and facilities and their operability, especially under emergency conditions

> competence of staff to carry out the duties identified for them in the plan and their use of the equipment and facilities

45
Q

What are the types of tests for Emergency Plans?

A

> drills
seminar exercises
walk-through exercises
desktop exercises
live exercises

46
Q

What are the important elements during the planning process for Emergencies?

A

> specific people identified to communicate with the media during the emergency

> all other employees are given strict instructions not to talk to media and refer all issues to the nominated person

> nominated staff are fully trained in communication with the media

> when an emergency occurs, the nominated people have a full system and procedures in place to keep them fully informed of the situation.

NEBOSH Environmental Diploma Unit ED1 2023 (12 decks)

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