Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

what gases make up the air? with composition? which gas has the highest and lowest precentage in the air?

Answer 1

Nitrogen
hydrogen

ARCO2 NHM Kr

Question 2

define atmosphere?
Where do aircraft fly in relation to Earth’s atmosphere layers?

Answer 2

the envelope of gases and water vapor surrounding the planet Earth

Question 3

why the percentage of water has not been mentioned in the pie chart?

Answer 3

because the amount of water vapor in the air varies greatly depending on the location, weather, temperature, and humidity.

Question 4

the atmosphere is divided into how many layers? name them?
what layer is further divided into ionosphere & ?

Answer 4

4
thermosphere exosphere

Question 5

What does the prefix “tropos” mean?
How high does the troposphere extend above Earth’s surface?
What is the temperature range of the troposphere?
What percentage of the atmosphere’s mass is contained in the troposphere?
Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to Earth’s surface?
In which layer do weather phenomena and cloud formation primarily occur?
What happens to the temperature as altitude increases in the troposphere?
What particles are primarily found in the troposphere?

Answer 5

• “Tropos” means “turning” or “changing.”
• 12 km
• 17°C to -55°C.
• 75-80%
• troposphere
• troposphere
• As altitude increases in the troposphere, the temperature decreases.
• The air gets about 6.5°C cooler for every 1 km increase in altitude.
• Dust particles and water vapor

Question 6

temp. of lower stratosphere & upper stratosphere?
is water vapor present?
what is responsible for the rise in the temp. of stratosphere?
How high does the stratosphere extend above Earth’s surface?

Answer 6

-55 to -5 C it gets warmer
little
the presence of max. amount of ozone
50 km

Question 7

what is the purpose of ozone and how does it serve that purpose?

Question 8

mesosphere height?
what does meso mean?
temp.
what does this layer do?

Question 9

outermost layer? thermo means
why is the layer so hot? temp.
divided into? extends from?

Question 10

define pollutants?

Question 11

how does SO2 affect the environment? and humans?

Question 12

how is co & co2 produced? equations?
effects of CO?
effects of CO2

Question 13

effects of NOx? color?

Question 14

how is methane produced? effects?

Question 15

what are CFCs? effects of environment and health?

Question 16

how lead particles come in the air? effect on health?

Question 17

ozone? effect?

Question 18

natural sources of air pollution?

Question 19

most of the air pollution is the result of? it releases?

Question 20

how is ozone produced? equation?

Question 21

table 14.1 pg 116?

Question 22

name greenhouse gases and how do they increase greenhouse effect?

Answer 22

pg 117

Question 23

what if global warming continues?

Question 24

normal pH of rain? define acid rain? how does rain become acidic? what gases? equations?

Question 25

effects of acid rain? with equations?

Question 26

what happens when ozone abosrobs UV radiation? equation? what happens after that?

Question 27

how CFCs causes ozone depletion? with equations?