Biochemistry Flashcards
carbs general formula?
organic/inorganic?
describe?
Cx (H2O)y organic
Carbs are monomers & polymers made up of molecules containing aldehyde (-CHO) or ketone (>C=O) groups, along with multiple hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached.
What are monosaccharides?
general formula? types? based on?
the smallest units of carbohydrates, like glucose and fructose.
(CH2O)n where n= 3 to 6 C atoms
triose, tetrose
no. of carbon atoms it contain.
Key features of monosaccharides?
They are white, crystalline solids.
They dissolve in water and taste sweet.
They are reducing in nature (can donate electrons in reactions).
they can rotate polarized light. example, glucose rotates light to the right (dextrose sugars).
they can’t be hydrolyzed as they are simple sugars.
most common monosaccharides? molecular formula?
types of carbs?
glucose & fructose
C6 H12 O6
G: pentahydroxy aldehyde/ aldohexose
F: pentahydroxy ketone/ ketohexose
Oligosaccharides? Types? Properties? 3 examples?
Carbohydrates that, upon hydrolysis, produce 2 to 9 monosaccharides.
Based on the number of monosaccharides formed
White crystalline solids.
Sweet in taste. Soluble in water.
polysaccharides? properties? examples?
sources of carbs
uses of carbs?
5
3 example for mono and disaccharides
1 for trisaccharides
2 for polysaccharides?
proteins function in human body?
what are proteins?
in protein topic what has functional groups?
amino acids
what are amino acids?
define essential and non-essential amino acids?
how do amino acids join together? show? what is dipeptide?
sources of proteins?
uses of proteins?
what is lipid? name some? building block of lipids?
