Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > Biochemistry > Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

carbs general formula?
organic/inorganic?
describe?
dextrose sugars?

A

Cx (H2O)y organic
Carbs are monomers & polymers made up of molecules containing aldehyde (-CHO) or ketone (>C=O) groups, along with multiple hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are monosaccharides?
general formula? types? based on?
name 3 dextrose sugar?

A

the smallest units of carbohydrates, like glucose and fructose.
(CH2O)n where n= 3 to 6 C atoms
triose, tetrose
no. of carbon atoms it contain.
glucose, mannose, galactose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Key features of monosaccharides?

A

5
They are white, crystalline solids.
They dissolve in water and taste sweet.
They are reducing in nature (can donate electrons in reactions).
they can rotate polarized light. example, glucose rotates light to the right (dextrose sugars).
they can’t be hydrolyzed as they are simple sugars.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

most common monosaccharides? molecular formula?
types of carbs?

A

glucose & fructose
C6 H12 O6
G: pentahydroxy aldehyde/ aldohexose
F: pentahydroxy ketone/ ketohexose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Oligosaccharides? Types? Properties? 3 examples?

A

Carbohydrates that, upon hydrolysis, produce 2 to 10 monosaccharides.
Based on the number of monosaccharides formed
White crystalline solids.
Sweet in taste. Soluble in water.

keep sugar in mind when telling the properties of oligo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

polysaccharides? properties? examples?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sources of carbs

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

uses of carbs?
5

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 example for mono and disaccharides
1 for trisaccharides
2 for polysaccharides?
is fructose dextrose?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

proteins function in human body?
what are proteins?
in protein topic what has functional groups?

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are amino acids?
define essential and non-essential amino acids?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how do amino acids join together? show? what is dipeptide?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

explain structure of one amino acid. draw it.
fibre functions?

A

central carbon atom
amino group
carboxyl group
H atom
R- group
pg 93

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sources of proteins?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

uses of proteins?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are lipids? name some simple lipids? why are they called glyceryl esters or glycerides?

A
17
Q

what are fatty acids? example? chemical formula? where does it occur?
which compounds are included in lipids?

A

long chain of carboxylic acids and building blocks of lipids.
stearic acid C17 H 35 COOH beef fat
5

18
Q

name common fatty acids source no. of C atoms and condensed structure?

A
19
Q

define fat and oil? what is the reason for different melting points?
1g of glucose provides us _____?

A

15.6 KJ of energy

20
Q

sources of lipids?

A
21
Q

uses of lipids?

A
22
Q

how is margarine and vegetable ghee not oil made?

A

pg 99

23
Q

what are nucleic acids? types? nucleotide?

A
24
Q

DNA function? example? found?

A
25
Q

when was structure of DNA discovered? what is cancer research?
is vitamin organic/inorganic?

A

organic

26
Q

DNA? each strand is made of? how are the strands held together?

A
27
Q

how are proteins produced by DNA?
how does DNA store genetic info and pass it on from generation to generation?

A

by DNA
the order of the base pairs in a strand is a code that stores info which is used to produced proteins.
its double stranded structure

28
Q

RNA? made of? how is it made? function?

A
29
Q

what are vitamins? how to obtain it?

A
30
Q

vitamin A? water or fat soluble?

A
31
Q

vitamin B? water or fat soluble?

A
32
Q

vitamin C? water or fat soluble?

A
33
Q

vitamin D? types of vitamins? water or fat soluble?

A
34
Q

fat soluble vitamins? example? excess causes?

A
35
Q

water soluble vitamins? example? excess causes?

A
36
Q

pg 103 complete the table?
A B C D E K defiecinecy symtoms and necessary for

A
37
Q

compare components of carbs and proteins?

A
38
Q

diff b/w dna and rna? 8

A

go to notion
it’s imp. to learn this

39
Q

chemical formula for disaccharides, tri and mono

A

di: C12 H22 O11
tri: C 18 H32 O 16
mono: C6 H12 O6
n= 12, 18, 6

n= number of C atoms

chemistry (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions