Environment Flashcards
What is environment?
Any feature that is not an attribute of the parasite or the host
Two main factors of the environment?
Abiotic
Biotic
5 Abiotic Factors
Climate Weather Topography Soils/Bedrock Water
Clyde Wants To Save Water
4 things that make up weather?
Temperature
Precipitation
Solara Radiation
Wind
What do abiotic factors largely determine?
Where biotic factors occur
How long disease agents can persist outside the host
Transmission of many diseases
4 Main biotic factors
Plants
Animals
Humans
Other disease agents
What is the ecologic niche of a disease
What the disease needs to survive
Sum of biotic and abiotic factors needed for survival
If the combination of environmental factors necessary for occurence of disease X is known it may be possible to?
Modify these factors in the location where disease currently exists to prevent disease occurrence
Predict where else the disease could occur and prevent its introduction
Example of modifying environment factors in the location where the disease currently exists?
Moose in russia
Dying from liver flukes
Snails rqd for transimission
Dug watering holes in acidic bogs where snails cant survive
Eradication vs Elimination?
Eradication = Globally Elimination = Locally
History of Mycobacterium bovis (bovine tuberculosis)
1975: TB in white tailed deer
1995: Began management of disease in deer
1998: First case in cattle
How is bovine TB shed?
Secretions
Saliva
Nasal
What is the host range of TB?
very broad
How long can TB survive outside of host?
few day to months
Define maintenance host
Disease can persist indefinitely by transmission within the species
