Environment

Question 1

Able to produce good crops, plants, babies

Answer 1

Fertile
Ex: 800 acres of fertile cropland
Ex: fertile imagination/mind

Question 2

To cut or collect
= harvest
درو کردن، به دست آوردن

Answer 2

Reap
Ex: farmers agreed to continue reaping the land by traditional means.

Question 3

A land or climate which is very dry because it has very little rain

Answer 3

Arid
Ex: water from the Great Lakes is pumped to arid regions.
Aridity(n)

Question 4

A long period of dry weather خشکسالی

Answer 4

Drought
Ex: droughts have become more prolonged and more severe.

Question 5

The process by which useful lands change into desert

Answer 5

Desertification
Ex: in many instances this is too late to obviate desertification and soil erosion.

Question 6

The act of an animal eating fresh grass

Answer 6

Graze
Ex: groups of cattle were grazing on the rich grass
Overgrazing

Question 7

If something is …… there is not much of it available

Answer 7

Scarce(adj, adv)
Ex: there was fierce competition for the scarce resources.
Ex: scarce water supplies are exhausted.
(adverb) Ex: he could scarce believe it.= scarcely
Scarcity(n)
Ex: the present scarcity of labour

Question 8

To use all of something
= use up

Answer 8

Exhaust
Ex: we are in danger of exhausting the world’s oil supply.

Question 9

Grow plants and crops in an excessive amount

Answer 9

Overcultivation
Ex: overcultivation results in the soil becoming less fertile and dry.

Question 10

The process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed

Answer 10

Erosion
Ex: poor farming practices have led to erosion of the soil.
Soil/marine/coastal/water/rain/wind erosion

Question 11

To protect something or prevent it from changing or damaging
= preserve

Answer 11

Conserve
Ex: we must conserve our woodlands for future generations.

Question 12

The upper level of soil in which most plants have roots

Answer 12

Topsoil
Ex: the fertile topsoil may be entirely lost, leaving only bare rock and dust.

Question 13

A damage or change which is so serious or great that you cannot change it back

Answer 13

Irreversible
Ex: fossil fuel has caused irreversible damage to the environment.

Question 14

Farming in a way to protect environment

Answer 14

Sustainable agriculture
Ex: sustainable agriculture provides a potential solution to enable agricultural systems to feed a growing population within the changing environmental conditions.

Question 15

A place with water and trees in a desert

Answer 15

Oasis(pl oases)
An oasis of calm/serenity/tranquility
Ex: the park was an oasis of peace.