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MICR 3343 > Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacteriaceae

A
  • gram negative rods

- facultative anaerobes (oxidase negative)

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2
Q

Species of Enterobacteriaceae

A
  • E. coli
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Klebsiella
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3
Q

Opportunistic diseases

A
  • Cause disease in healthy people
  • Septicemia
  • Pneumonia
  • Meningitis
  • Urinary tract infections
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4
Q

Pneumonia

A
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • respiratory disease
  • prominent capsule
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5
Q

Urinary tract infection

A
  • Fecal contamination
  • Proteus spp
  • urease (degrades urea)
  • alkaline urine
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6
Q

Gastrointestinal diseases

A
  • E. coli
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Yersinia entercolita
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7
Q

Not Enterobacteriaceae

A
  • campylobacter

- helicobacter

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8
Q

Excreted in feces E. coli

A
  • Lactose positive
  • not usually identified
  • common in the healthy intestine
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9
Q

Excreted in feces Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia

A
  • Lactose negative

- Identified

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10
Q

Serotypes (antigens)

A
  • O (lipopolysaccharide) O1-O181
  • H (flagellar) H1-H56
  • K (capsular) 60
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11
Q

Enterotoxigenic E. coli ETEC

A

-acts in the small intestine
-“travellers diarrhea” watery diarrhea non bloody stools
-vomiting
-cramps
-nausea
-fever
-diagnose by immunoassay for ST or PCR
-

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12
Q

EPEC diagnose

A

-adherence to human HeLa or Hep-2 cells, presence of plasmid-encoded pili

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13
Q

Enteroaggregative E.coli EAEC

A

-Acts on small intestine

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14
Q

EAEC symptoms

A
  • watery diarrhea
  • vomiting
  • dehydration
  • low-grade fever
  • aggregative adherence of rods
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15
Q

EAEC diagnose

A

-by adherence to human Hep-2 cells, the presence of plasmid

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16
Q

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli EHEC

A
  • usually O157:H7
  • contaminated meat, water, unpasteurized milk, veggies
  • verotoxin Stx-1 and Stx-2 blocks protein synthesis
  • hemolysins
17
Q

EHEC symptoms

A
  • hemorrhagic
  • initial watery diarrhea followed by bloody
  • few leukocytes
  • little no fever
  • hemolytic anemia
  • low platelets
18
Q

Enteroinvasive E. coli EIEC

A

-acts in large intestine

19
Q

EIEC symptoms

A
  • fever
  • cramps
  • watery diarrhea
  • bloody stools
20
Q

EIEC diagnose

A

-by plaque assay inhuman HeLa cells (cant be distinguished from shigella species)

21
Q

Treatment: gastrointestinal disease

A
  • Fluid replacement

- Antibiotics NOT used unless systemic infection

22
Q

Salmonella

A
  • 2000 antigenic types
  • genetically single species
  • disease category determines the serovar
23
Q

Salmonellosis (gastroenteritis)

A

-uncomplicated case
-no antibiotic therapy
-S. enteritidis
=the common salmonella infection
=no human reservoir
=nausea
=vomiting
= non-bloody stool

24
Q

Typhoid fever symptoms

A
  • enteric fever
  • most severe in salmonella disease
  • rare in the US
  • 10-14 day incubation period
  • increased fever
  • followed by GI symptoms
25
Q

Salmonella typhi

A
  • human reservoir
  • contaminated food
  • contaminated water supply
  • poor sanitary conditions
26
Q

S. typhi

A
  • Vi (capsular) antigen

- protective antibodies are made

27
Q

S. typhi therapy

A
  • antibitics (essential)

- vaccine (inefective)

28
Q

Shigella

A
  • bacterial dysentery
  • shigellosis
  • bloody feces
  • intestinal pain
29
Q

Shigella relevant species

A
  • S. flexneri
  • S. boydii
  • S. sonnei
30
Q

Shigellosis

A
  • humans only reservoir
  • mostly young children
  • unwashed hands
  • epithelial cell damage
31
Q

Shinga toxin

A

-enterotoxin
-cytotoxic
-inhibits protein synthesis
=lyses 28S rRNA

32
Q

Treatment shigellosis

A

-manage dehydration
-patient respond to antibiotics
=diseas duration diminished

MICR 3343 (10 decks)

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