ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Flashcards
Enterobacteriaceae is a
Gram ___ bacilli
___ anaerobe
___ spore former
negative
facultative
non
Enterobacteriaceae is an
Oxidase ___ EXCEPT P. ____
Catalase ___ EXCEPT ____
Xylose fermenters EXCEPT ____
Motile EXCEPT ____, ____, Y. ____
Non-encapsulated EXCEPT ____ & ____
Aerogenic EXCEPT S. ____, ____, ____, ____
-; P. shigelloides
+; Shigella (S. dysenteriae)
Shigella
Shigella, Klebsiella, Y. pestis
Klebsiella & Enterobacter
S. typhi, Yersinia, Shigella, Providencia
T/F
Enterobacteriaceae ferments glucose
TRUE
TRUE PATHOGENS (3)
- Lactose Fermenters
- Non-Lactose Fermenters
- Late Lactose Fermenters
Lactose Fermenters (EKE)
Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter
T/F
Klebsiella and Enterobacter are siblings
TRUE
Non-lactose Fermenters
All enterobacteriaceae family
Late lactose Fermenters (CAE)
Citrobacter, Arizonae, Y. Enterocolitica
ANTIGENS
- K antigen - heat ____
- O antigen - heat ____
- H antigen - heat ____
labile
stable
labile
- 1st genus
- Common name is Colon bacillus
E. coli
E. coli is a normal flora of
GIT
E. coli
Predominant ____ anaerobe in ____ and have ____ antigens
Primary virulence factor: ____
facultative; Large intestine; 3 (KOH)
PILI
E. coli on BAP
BETA hemolytic- Clear of zone hemolysis
T/F
E. coli is mostly motile
TRUE
- # 1 cause of community-acquired UTI
- # 1 gram-negative SEPSIS
- # 2 NEONATAL meningitis-nosocomial, BACTEREMIA
E. coli
E. coli is ____ in water - fecally contaminated
positive
E. coli Serotypes (5)
- Enteropathogenic E. coli or EPEC
- Enteroinvasive E. coli or EIEC
- Enteroaggregative E. coli or EAEC
- Enterotoxigenic or ETEC
- Enterohemorrhagic or EHEC
non bloody diarrhea (no blood, no mucus and no toxins; non invasive, non into toxigenic)
EPEC Infantile diarrhea
EPEC
Virulence factor: ____
Pili - pathogenicity of islands
Lesions called “attaching and effacing lesions
Enteropathogenic E. coli or EPEC
produce dysentery-like diarrhea (watery to bloody diarrhea with RBC, mucus and neutrophils)
EIEC Shigella-like disease
EIEC
Virulence factor:
Test:
Invasin
Sereny test
EAEC 2 types
- Diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC)
- Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)
Type of EAEC that causes UTI (chronic/recurring) and diarrhea
Diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC)
Type of EAEC that causes “stacked-brick pattern” (no blood but persistent diarrhea) located in cells or between the cells by fimbriae or pili
Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)
EAEC
Virulence Factor:
Aggregative regulator gene (AggR gene)
Traveller’s diarrhea
Causes Hemorrhagic colitis
Produces Watery diarrhea
Enterotoxigenic or ETEC
- It has a perfused watery stool
- most common diarrhea
- self-limiting, non invasive, and no blood and WBC
ETEC Montezuma’s revenge
presence of colonization factor antigen which produces heat labile and heat stable enterotoxins
ETEC Adhesion
Grossly bloody diarrhea
Shigella-like toxin
Enterohemorrhagic or EHEC
EHEC causative agent
E.coli 0157:H7
- this produces shigella-like toxins- which is life-threatening (verotoxin), associated with undercooked infected hamburger
- Colorless
- (-) in MUG test
EHEC
EHEC Toxins (2)
- Verotoxins 1 (VT1)
- Verotoxins 2 (VT2)
EHEC Toxin that is identical to shigella dysenteriae Type 1 (Shiga Toxin)
Verotoxins 1 (VT1)
EHEC Toxin that is similar biologically but immunologically different to VT1
Verotoxins 2 (VT2)
- most severe manifestation of EHEC
- undercooked hamburger, dairy products and apple cider
EHEC HUS - hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
In EHEC it replaces lactose to sorbitol
SMAC - Sorbitol Macconkey Agar
Extraintestinal E.coli strains (UM)
- Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC)
- Meningitis/sepsis-associated E. coli (MNEC)
Extraintestinal E.coli strains that cause cystitis and acute pyelonephritis
Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC)
Extraintestinal E.coli strains that cause neonatal meningitis
Meningitis/sepsis-associated E. coli (MNEC)
- 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide E. coli broth;
- (+) result is Electric Blue fluorescence
MUG Test
Klebsiella spp are:
- Lactose Fermenters
- Encapsulated
- Non motile
Klebsiella Mucoid:
- ___ is pink and dry
- ___ and ____ are both pink but not darker as E. coli
E. coli
Klebsiella and Enterobacter
Klebsiella
Virulence factor:
Most resistant antibiotic:
Capsule
Ampicillin
Ventilator-associated pneumonia, wound infections, UTIs
Klebsiella
- Common Name: Fried landers bacillus
- 2nd cause of UTI
- Produce secondary pneumonia
K. pneumoniae
- classic pneumonia
- emit bloody sputum
- associated with community acquired pneumonia that produces a currant jelly like sputum
K. pneumoniae
K. pneumoniae distinct feature
large polysaccharide capsule
- ESBL- Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases
- (+) in Neufeld Quellung
K. pneumoniae
T/F
In K. pneumoniae, Neufeld Quellung test is used if a bacteria has nucleus
FALSE
Neufeld Quellung test is used if a bacteria has CAPSULE
- a disease in nasal mucosa, biochemically inactive
- Atrophic rhinitis
- Plasmid-mediated ESBLs
K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae
- Donovanosis - STD
- Safety pin appearance
- Requires additional nutrients for growth
K. granulomatis
K. granulomatis diagnositc feature
DONOVAN body/BEEFY RED ULCER (blue stain with prominent granules); intracellular microorganisms
- Disease similar to K. pneumoniae
- indole (+)
K. oxytoca
- Raoultella planticola
- which is an environmental microorganism
K. planticola
