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BACTE finals > ENTEROBACTER > Flashcards

ENTEROBACTER Flashcards

1
Q

Enterobacter
- Resembles K. ____
- Causes ____ due to powdered milk formula
- ____ appereance
- ____ motile

A

K. pneumoniae
necrotizing fasciitis
Fish eye
Highly

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2
Q

Enterobacter Members (CAAGS)

A
  • E. cloacae
  • E. aerogenes
  • Pantoea agglomerans
  • E. gergoviae
  • Cronobacter sakazakii
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3
Q

Most predominant isolate member of Enterobacter

A

E. cloacae

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4
Q

Member of Enterobacter that has strong urease reaction

A

E. gergoviae

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5
Q

Member of Enterobacter that causes necrotizing fasciitis like meningitis with yellow colonies

A

C. sakazakii

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6
Q

Enterobacter is ____ in Ornithine decarboxylase EXCEPT P. ____

A

positive
Pantoea agglomerans

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7
Q

T/F
To differentiate Enterobacter and Klebsiella: motility
can be used

A

FALSE
motility and ornithine decarboxylase is used

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8
Q

Motility
Enterobacter:
Klebsiella:

A

Motile
Non motile

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9
Q

Ornithine decarboxylase
Enterobacter:
Klebsiella:

A

(+) except Pantoea agglomerans
(-)

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10
Q

ass. with hemolytic uremic syndrome
rarely considered pathogenic

A

Hafnia alvei

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11
Q

Hafnia alvei
- ____ fermenters
- ____ in DNASE, gelatinase and lipase

A

Late lactose
negative

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12
Q

Hafnia alvei major characteristics

A

delayed positive citrate reaction

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13
Q

Well-known for antibiotic resistant to a wide range of
antibiotics

A

Serratia

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14
Q

Serratia
- ___ fermenters
- motile
- ___ in DNASE, gelatinase and lipase

A

Late lactose or Non lactose in some book
positive

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15
Q

Serratia
Virulence factor:

A

Prodigiosin (red milk)

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16
Q
  • Can be isolated in benzoyl fluoride
  • Outbreaks in nurseries and burn units
A

S. marcescens

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17
Q
  • non pathogenic but common as blood bag contaminant
A

S. liquefaciens

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18
Q
  • closely related to S. marcescens, also produces red pigment
A

S. rubidaea

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19
Q

To differentiate rubidaea from liquefaciens, use

A

malonate test

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20
Q
  • smell like a rotten potato or rancid potato odor
A

S. odorifera

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21
Q
  • Ingestion of contaminated food, poultry, or like dairy products and water
  • Human to human transmission- carrier state
A

Salmonella

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22
Q

Salmonella
- ____ fermenter EXCEPT S. ____
- ____ Indole, VP, PAD, Urease
- Produces ____ EXCEPT S. ____

A

Non lactose fermenter; S. arizonae
negative
H2S; S. paratyphi A

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23
Q

Salmonella
- Motile EXCEPT S. ____ & ____
- Citrate ____ EXCEPT ____
- LDC ____ EXCEPT S. ____

A

S. gallinarum and pullorum
(+); typhi
(+); S. paratyphi

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24
Q

Salmonella
Virulence factor:
Antigens present:

A

Pili
O and H Antigen

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25
Q

Salmonella antigen that is heat stable, IgM, lipopolysaccharide in content

A

O antigen

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26
Q

Salmonella antigen that has flagellar, heat labile, IgG, protein

A

H antigen

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27
Q

What antigen can be found in carrier of Salmonella

A

Vi

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28
Q

Salmonella
- Common Sequelae:
- Incubation Period: ___ and can multiply in ___ and ___

A

S. osteomyelitis
1-4 weeks; spleen and liver

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29
Q

Salmonella Serotypes (TPC)

A

Typhimurium
Paratyphi
Choleraesuis

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30
Q

Salmonella Serotypes are associated with

A

bacteremia

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31
Q

Salmonella serotype which is associated with food poisoning

A

S. typhimurium

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32
Q

Salmonella serotype which is a paratyphoid fever

A

S. paratyphi

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33
Q

Salmonella serotype which is a non paratyphoid fever

A

S. choleraesuis

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34
Q

Can survive in well water (tubig sa poso) for 7 days
Common name is Evert bacillus

A

Salmonella typhi

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35
Q

Salmonella typhi
MOT:
Complication:
Major Reservoir:
Site of long term carriage:
Gold standard:

A

Fecal-oral route
Psychosis
Chickens
Gallbladder
Blood culture 38:00

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36
Q

Salmonella typhi
- Blood Culture - reliable during the ___
- Stool and Urine Culture - reliable during ___
- Widal test - reliable during ___

A

1st week
2nd week
3rd week

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37
Q

it is a serological test to identify Typhoid fever

A

Widal test
Titer O - active infection (1:160)
Post vaccination or past infection (1:160)

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38
Q

Salmonella typhi
In Biochemical testing:

A

PSI -production of hydrogen sulfite is mustache type

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39
Q

Paratyphoid Fever

A
  • S. paratyphi A
  • S. paratyphi B
  • S. paratyphi C
40
Q
  • Highly communicable disease - low infective dose
    <200 bacilli can cause disease thru flies
  • Reservoir: Humans only
A

Shigella

41
Q

Shigella
- ____ fermenters EXCEPT S. ___
- LD, Citrate, Malonate, xylose, H2S ___ anaerogenic
- ONPG ___

A
  • Non lactose; S. sonnei (LLF)
    (-)
    (+); for LLF ang ONPG
42
Q

Shigella
- MOT:
- Incubation period:

A

Fecal-oral route
1 to 7 days

43
Q

Shigella
Virulence factors:

A

Shiga toxin which produces diarrhea and dysentery

44
Q

Toxin that causes inflammation in Shigella

A

Endotoxin

45
Q

Toxin that causes invasive property; heat labile, non-motile because they lack the H antigens, also lacks K antigens in Shigella

A

Neurotoxin

46
Q

Non-mannitol fermenters

A

S. dysenteriae

47
Q

most virulent spp. among shigella

A

S. dysenteriae

48
Q

Toxins present in S. dysenteriae

A
  • Exotoxin
  • Enterotoxin
49
Q

Toxin in S. dysenteriae that is responsible for neurotoxin

A

Exotoxin

50
Q

Toxin in S. dysenteriae that is similar to cholera toxin

A

Enterotoxin

51
Q

Mannitol fermenters that is Non lactose fermenter (2)

A

NLF:
- S. flexneri
- S. boydii

52
Q

Mannitol fermenter that has strong bacillus/ gay bowel syndrome

A

S. flexneri

53
Q

Mannitol fermenter that is a new castle manchester

A

S. boydii

54
Q

A painful diarrhea characterized by presence of blood streak and plenty of past cells
Watery stool

A

Bacillary dysentery

55
Q

Mannitol fermenter that is sonduval bacillus or Sonne’s bacillus and can cross react with plesiomonas, which is a NLF

A

S. sonnei

56
Q

Mannitol fermenters that is Late lactose fermenter (1)

A

S. sonnei

57
Q

Fewer past cells and Watery stool

A

Amoebic dysentery

58
Q

Subspecies of Salmonella that has a positive color of blue, causes gastroenteritis and uses sodium malonate

A

Salmonella subsp. Arizonae (Arizona hinshawii)

59
Q

Salmonella subsp. Arizonae (Arizona hinshawii)
- ____ fermenter
- motile
- Normally they are present in ___ , in their intestines

A

Late lactose
reptiles stone

60
Q

Biochemically similar to E. coli (only difference is that E. tarda is NLF while E.coli is LF)
Seen in reptiles or cold and warm blooded animals

A

Edwarsiella tarda

61
Q

Edwarsiella tarda
- ____ fermenter
- motile
- Citrate, Urea ___
- Produces abundant/ heavy ___
- Indole

A

Non lactose
(-)
H2S
(+)

62
Q

Also known as Bethesda-Ballerup
Also biochemically similar to E. coli
Can be mistaken for Salmonella
Can cause intestinal infection, they are normally
present in gut/ stomach

A

Citrobacter

63
Q

Citrobacter
- ____ fermenter
- Citrate, ONPG and MR

A

Late lactose
(+)

64
Q

Use to differentiate Citrobacter from Salmonella and Key biochemical test

A

LDC or lysine decarboxylase

65
Q

Extraintestinal infections
Normal gut flora

A

C. freundii

65
Q

Neonatal meningitis
Cause nursery outbreak
H2S (-)
Indole and malonate (+)

A

C. koseri

66
Q

Rare human pathogen
Associated with community acquired infection like septicemia, cervical px.

A

C. braaki

67
Q
  • NLF
  • Rapid urease producer 2-4 hours after inoculation
  • Swarming motility on BAP
  • Dienes Phenomenon - don’t mingle
A

Proteus

68
Q

Most important member
Most common isolate
Rapid urease producer that can
lead to kidney stone formation
Pneumonia and septicemia

A

P. mirabilis

69
Q

P. mirabilis
- produces ___ antigen
- indole ___
- ONPG ___
- Sensitive:

A

OX-K
(-)
(+)
Cephalosporin and ampicillin

70
Q

Can cause nosocomial UTI
Produces OX-2 : OX-19 antigen
Indole(+)
Resistant: cephalosporin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol

A

P. vulgaris

71
Q

Only impt. species
Don’t swarm on blood agar plate can cause UTI, diarrhea and wound infections

A

Morganella morganii

72
Q

Morganella morganii key tests

A

Lactose, LDC, Citrate

73
Q

Normal intestinal flora
Do not swarm
Associated to nosocomial and UTI
Cause diarrhea in children

A

Providencia alcalifaciens

74
Q

Urease (+)
UTI and skin infections
Cause diarrhea among travelers

A

P. rettgeri

75
Q

UTI in dwelling catheters
Can isolate in urine culture and can be nosocomial
Variable urease

A

P. stuartii

76
Q

Safety pin appearance
Form Stalactite pattern- adhere on one side only

A

Yersinia

77
Q

Yersinia
- ____ fermenters
- micro___
- ____
- ___ granules

A

Non lactose
aerophilis
zoonotic
bipolar

78
Q

Yersinia that are present in
1. NM at 37 degC but Motile at 25 degC -
2. NM at 25 degC or 37 degC -

A

Y. enterocolitica/ Y. pseudotuberculosis
Y. pestis

79
Q

Yersinial plasmid encoded outer membrane protein

A

YOPS

80
Q

Yersinia in Deoxycholate agar

A

reddish pink

81
Q

Plague transmitted thru the bite of rat fleas
Classified as bioterrorism agent class A
They are not enteric pathogen Intracellular parasite

A

Y. pestis

82
Q

Y. pestis
- Urease, Ornithine __
- ___ & ___ antigens
- Culture:
- Transport medium:

A

(-)
V & W
CIN (cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin medium)
Cary blair

83
Q

Y. pestis on BAP looks like ___
- 48 hrs. ___
- 24 hrs. ___

A

hammered copper colonies
cauliflower like
pinpoint

84
Q

3 types of human plague in Y. pestis

A
  1. Bubonic plague
  2. Pneumonic plague
  3. Septicemic plague
85
Q

Type of human plague in Y. pestis that affect the lymph nodes

A

Bubonic plague

86
Q

Type of human plague in Y. pestis that is airborne
inhalation

A

Pneumonic plague

87
Q

Type of human plague in Y. pestis that is black death due to swark man phenomenon

A

Septicemic plague

88
Q

Y. pestis
Virulence factors:

A

Fraction 1 - anti phagocytic
V protein
W lipoprotein

89
Q

Most common to humans
Most common blood contaminant
Enterocolitis
Bull’s eye colonies
Appendicitis-like infection

A

Y. enterocolitica

90
Q

Y. enterocolitica
- ___ fermenters
- Main reservior:
- ONPG ___

A

Late lactose
Pigs
(+)

91
Q

Mesenteric lymphadenitis
Motile at ___
Yersiniosis

A

Y. pseudotuberculosis
RT

92
Q

severe intestinal inflammation caused by enterocolitica or pseudotuberculosis

A

Yersiniosis

92
Q

Grow on enteric media and biochemically imitate shigella
Gastritis

A

Plesiomonas shigelloides

93
Q

Plesiomonas shigelloides
- Oxidase ___
- ____ fermenter
- Triple Decarboxylase
- Specimen:

A

(-)
glucose
(+)
Stool and rectal swab

94
Q

Triple Decarboxylase (+)

A
  • LBC
  • Ornithine decarboxylase
  • Arginine decarboxylase
95
Q

Test is use to differentiate plesiomonas from aeromonas

A

DNASE test (P-neg; A-pos)

BACTE finals (5 decks)

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