ENT- Nasal polyps and malignant neoplasms Flashcards
What is the etiology of nasal polyps?
unclear etiology
-it is associated with allergic rhinitis, asthma and cystic fibrosis
When should you avoid giving aspirin?
If a patient has nasal polyps and asthma–> can cause severe rxn
-This is called Samter triad (immunologic salicylate sensitivity that causes severe episode of bronchospasm)
What should you think about in children that present with nasal polyps?
Cystic Fibrosis
What is the clinical presentation of Nasal polyps?
- Nasal obstruction (congestion, decreased smell)
- Anosmia
- Rhinorrhea
- Post nasal drip
- Pale, edematous, mucus covered mass
How are nasal polyps treated?
- Topical intranasal corticosteroids
- Surgical excision (high recurrence)
Nose- Malignant neoplasms
- Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
- Rare, < 0.5% of all cancers
- Male > female; usually 50+ y/o
What are risk factors of malignant neoplasms of the nose?
- Tobacco smoke
- Exposure to wood dust, glue, adhesives
- HPV
What is the presentation of malignant neoplasms of the nose?
Obstruction and epistaxis
What is the presentation of ADVANCED malignant neoplasms of the nose?
- facial swelling/pain
- proptosis
- diplopia
- cranial nerve dysfunction
- seizure
- nodal masses
How are malignant neoplasms of the nose diagnosed?
biopsy
What type of imaging could be ordered for a malignant neoplasm of the nose?
CT, MRI
*diagnosis should be made by biopsy
How are malignant neoplasms of the nose treated?
- head/neck surgeon
- neurosurgeon
- radiation oncology