ENT- Nasal polyps and malignant neoplasms Flashcards

1
Q

What is the etiology of nasal polyps?

A

unclear etiology

-it is associated with allergic rhinitis, asthma and cystic fibrosis

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

When should you avoid giving aspirin?

A

If a patient has nasal polyps and asthma–> can cause severe rxn

-This is called Samter triad (immunologic salicylate sensitivity that causes severe episode of bronchospasm)

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4
Q

What should you think about in children that present with nasal polyps?

A

Cystic Fibrosis

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5
Q

What is the clinical presentation of Nasal polyps?

A
  1. Nasal obstruction (congestion, decreased smell)
  2. Anosmia
  3. Rhinorrhea
  4. Post nasal drip
  5. Pale, edematous, mucus covered mass
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6
Q

How are nasal polyps treated?

A
  • Topical intranasal corticosteroids
  • Surgical excision (high recurrence)
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7
Q

Nose- Malignant neoplasms

A
  • Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
  • Rare, < 0.5% of all cancers
  • Male > female; usually 50+ y/o
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8
Q

What are risk factors of malignant neoplasms of the nose?

A
  1. Tobacco smoke
  2. Exposure to wood dust, glue, adhesives
  3. HPV
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9
Q

What is the presentation of malignant neoplasms of the nose?

A

Obstruction and epistaxis

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10
Q

What is the presentation of ADVANCED malignant neoplasms of the nose?

A
  1. facial swelling/pain
  2. proptosis
  3. diplopia
  4. cranial nerve dysfunction
  5. seizure
  6. nodal masses
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11
Q

How are malignant neoplasms of the nose diagnosed?

A

biopsy

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12
Q

What type of imaging could be ordered for a malignant neoplasm of the nose?

A

CT, MRI

*diagnosis should be made by biopsy

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13
Q

How are malignant neoplasms of the nose treated?

A
  1. head/neck surgeon
  2. neurosurgeon
  3. radiation oncology
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