ENT Medications Flashcards
Topical aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone x7-10 days
OE
High dose Amoxicillin 80-90mg divided twice daily
1st line tx for AOM
Add Ofloxacin if TM perf
Cephalosporin, Doxy or macrolide
AOM tx for penicillin allergic
Add Ofloxacin if TM perf
Removal of infected debris, earplug use AND topical or oral abx
Chronic OM
Antibiotic drops
Surgical removal
Tx for Cholesteatoma
Intranasal and oral decongestants
ETD
Oral decongestants a few hours before air travel and nasal decongestants 1 hour before descent
Otic Barotrauma
Anticholinergics/Antihistimines/Benzodiazepines
All vestibular suppresents for tx of Labyrinthitis
Acetazolamide and low salt diet
Menier’s disease
Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin) 500/125mg TID or 875/125mg BID
Acute bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Doxycycline or 3rd gen Cephalosporin +/- Clinda
Penicillin allergic- Acute bacterial Rhinosinusitis
Mast cell stabilizer
Allergic rhinitis
Topical intranasal corticosteroids + Surgical excision
Nasal polyps
Augmentin
OR
Bactrim or Clinda + Amox, Augmentin, Cefdinir, or Cefpodoxime
Augmentin= tx for periorbital cellulitis if MRSA not suspected
The other treatment is for if MRSA is suspected
IV Vanco + Ceftriaxone
Orbital cellulitis
Erythromycin ointment and Fluoroqinolone drops (Moxi, Cipro)
Bacterial conjunctivitis
IV Vanco and Clinda
Dacrocystitis
Artificial tears, anti-inflammatories
Pterygium
Topical lubricants, antibiotics
**LUBRICATE
Chemical conjunctivitis
Oral diuretic (Acetazolamide) Topical diuretic (Dorozolamide) Topical cycloplegic (Atropine) \+/- topical steroid
Hyphema
Bed rest is also a tx
Topical abx drops (Moxifloxacin, Azithromycin)
Corneal abrasion
Moxifloxacin or Topical acyclovir 9x/day
Corneal ulcer (Bacterial vs HSV)
Topical steroids (Prednisolone) Topical Cycloplegics (Cyclopentolate)
Uveitis
Empiric tx with Augmentin en route
Blow out fx
- IV acetazolamide (Diamax) followed by oral doses QID
- Topical Timolol
- +/- Miotic drop
AACG
Topical anti-ocular hypertensives (Timolol, Dorzolamide
COAG
Penicillin V 500mg BID-TID x10 days
GABHS
Macrolides
GABHS- Penicillin allergic
IV Ampicillin-sulbactam or Clinda
+
oral Augmentin or Clinda x14 days
Peritonsillar abscess
IV 3rd gen Cephalosoprin + Vanco
Epiglottitis
Antivirals + Analgesics
HSV
Topical corticosteroids in adhesive base + TOpical analgesics
Aphthous ulcers
Antifungal (Clotrimazole troches, nystatin, fluconazol, etc)
oral candidiasis
Corticosteroids
cyclosporines
retinoids
tacrolimus
Oral lichen planus
- IV abx
- Hydration
- Surgical I&D (if no improvement in 48 hrs)
Suppurative parotitis
Secure airway (potentially tracheostomy) IV abx
Ludwigs Angina
IV methylprednisolone x3 days, then oral taper
Optic neuritis
Zinc vitamins
Age related macular degeneration
Aspirin
Central retinal vein occlusion (only if underlying coagulopathy)
VEGF inhibitors
intravitreal steroids
Central retinal vein occlusion- if macular edema