ENT medical emergencies Flashcards
Acute tonsillitis?
Bacterial or Viral eg Infectious Mononucleosis a.k.a. Glandular
Fever
clinical presentation of acute tonsillitis?
Sore throat, Temperature, dysphagia,
odynophagia (pain on swallowing), otalgia
management of acute tonsillitis?
Ab and analgesia
Admit if unable to eat/drink for IV abx
Recurrent, consider tonsillectomy
peritonsillar abscess aka?
Quinsy
clinical presentation of peritonsillar abscess?
Similar to tonsillitis
Trismus and drooling +/-
examination f oropharynx in relation to peritonsillar abscess?
Swollen tonsillar fossa and soft palate
Deviated uvula
Cervical LNmanage
amagemtn of peritonsillar abscess?
Iv antibiotics (broad spectrum)
Incision and drainage - instant relief and jaw relief
primary and secondary post-tonsillectomy bleed?
- Primary – 24hr post-op
- Secondary – 5-14 days
Quinsy could extend further
Parapharyngeal abscess, further down the throat
To parapharyngeal space (beside the pharynx)
presentation of neck abscess?
Tonsillitis or lymphadenitis, septic, unwell
Asymmetry
Ludwig’s angina?
- Submandibular space infection
- Airway compromise
- Close Obs
- IV Abx
- I&D/Release
Management is a pressure relief not a pus drainage
ball valve effect?
Air can go in the lungs but cannot come out
Heart moved over to right side of chest
provoking factors for epistaxis?
- Trauma
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
- Clotting Disorders
Otitis externa?
- Presents with Otalgia, hearing loss
- Bacterial or Fungal
- Beware in Diabetics
Acute otitis media??
Inside of eardrum
Middle Ear Infection
* Follows URTI
* Otalgia
* Hearing loss
* Fever
* Tinnitus
- Red Bulging Eardrum can perforate
- Purulent discharge
Acute mastoiditis?
Can go through bone, into skull = meningitis
- AOM can lead to mastoiditis
- swollen mastoid, unwell patient, pinna pushed down
Facial palsy?
- Cranial Nerve VII
- Rule out ear infection
- Commonly Idiopathic aka Bells Palsy
- Viral aetiology
Tx for Bell’s palsy?
Steroid (infection of the facial nerve)
Remember eye protection - eye can dry out
