Drugs and MOA Flashcards
What type of inhibitor is Aspirin?
Thromboxane A2 inhibitor
Non specific COX inhibitor (inhibits both COX 1 and 2)
What is the mechanism of action of Dipyridamole?
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor, thus blocking the breakdown of cAMP
What are P2Y12 inhibitors?
Clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel
How do P2Y12 inhibitors work?
Inhibit platelet aggregation and activation by binding to P2Y12-ADP on platelets, preventing ADP from binding
Essentially makes platelets less sticky
What are NSAIDs?
Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, they prevent the formation of prostaglandins which are needed for inflammation
What type of blocker is Propanolol?
Non-selective beta blocker (beta 1 and beta 2, affects heart, bronchial and smooth muscle)
What type of blocker is Bisoprolol?
Beta 1 blocker (affects the heart)
What type of blocker is Atenolol?
Beta 1 blocker (affects the heart)
What type of blocker is Carvediol?
Beta 1 blocker (affects the heart)
What type of blocker is Metoprolol?
Beta 1 blocker (affects the heart)
What is the function of ACE inhibitors?
Prevents conversion of Ang I to ang II in the RAAS, thus preventing aldosterone release and reducing BP
What do Angiotensin Receptor Blockers do?
Blocks AT1 receptor that angiotensin II acts on, blocking the release of aldosterone
What is Entresto?
Sacubitril/valsartan (ACE Inhibitor and ARB)
What do Calcium channel blockers do?
Bind to specific receptors on L-type calcium channels
What is the difference between dihydropyridine and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers?
Dihydropyridine blocks entry into smooth muscle mostly, to a lesser extent; non-dihydropyridine blocks calcium entry in smooth muscle and in myocardial pacemaking tissues
What is Amlodipine?
Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
What is Felodipine?
Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blocker
What is Verapamil?
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
What is Diltiazem?
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
What are Statins?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors - blocks the pathway for synthesising cholesterol in the liver
How do diuretics work?
Block sodium chloride reabsorption in the kidney
Loop diuretics act on ascending limb of loop of Henle; thiazide diuretics act on DCT
What is Furosemide?
Loop diuretic - blocks sodium chloride reabsorption in the ascending limb of loop of Henle
What is Bumetanide?
Loop diuretic - blocks sodium chloride reabsorption in the ascending limb of loop of Henle
What type of antagonist is Warfarin?
Vitamin K antagonist
What type of antagonist is Acenocoumarol?
Vitamin K antagonist
What type of antagonist is Phenindione?
Vitamin K antagonist
What is Rivaroxaban?
Direct factor Xa inhibitor
What is Edoxaban?
Direct factor Xa inhibitor
What is Apixaban?
Direct factor inhibitor
What is Dabigatran?
Direct Thrombin Inhibitor
What type of antagonist is Spironolactone?
Aldosterone antagonist
What type of antagonist is Eplerenone?
Aldosterone antagonist
What is Denusomab?
RANKL inhibitor
Binds to RANKL preventing RANKL from binding to RANK receptors on osteoclasts
