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Hippos > ENT > Flashcards

ENT Flashcards

1
Q

Why is a button battery in the ear an emergency?

A

Disruption of mucosa

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2
Q

When you someone get water into their ear with a ruptured TM?

A

Not until closure

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3
Q

Which type of vertigo has suppression with fixation: central or peripheral

A

Peripheral

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4
Q

What are the D’s of central vertigo?

A
  • Diplopia
  • Dysarthria
  • Dysmetria
  • Dysdiadochokinesia
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5
Q

What are the three components of Meniere’s disease?

A
  • Progressive hearing loss
  • Vertigo
  • Tinnitus
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6
Q

What is blepharitis? Treatment?

A
  • Inflammation of the eyelid

- Gentle lid scrubs, topical abx if severe

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7
Q

What is a hordeolum? Treatment?

A
  • Painful abscess of the eyelid

- Topical abx ointment, warm compresses

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8
Q

What is a chalazion? Treatment?

A
  • Chronic, internal granulomatous rxn in the eyelid

- Warm compresses, refer to ophthalmologist

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9
Q

How can you differentiate between gonococcal conjunctivitis vs other bacterial causes? How does treatment differ?

A
  • Gonococcal = extremely purulent (waterfall of pus)

- Topical and systemic abx

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10
Q

What is iritis/uveitis/choroiditis?

A

Inflammation of the choroid body from trauma, infx, or autoimmune etiology

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11
Q

Is there discharge with iritis? How does the eye redness differ with iritis vs conjunctivitis?

A

No

-Iritis has ciliary flush, no conjunctival injection

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12
Q

What is the treatment for iritis? (3)

A

Dilate pupil, steroids, analgesics

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13
Q

How does a subconjunctival hemorrhage present? Treatment?

A
  • Painless hemorrhage of the eye, with a sharp demarcation at the limbus
  • Reassurance
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14
Q

What is dacryocystitis?

A

Inflammation/infection of the lacrimal sac, can be associated with cellulitis

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15
Q

What is the treatment for dacryocystitis?

A
  • Warm compresses

- Abx

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16
Q

What test should be ordered if you suspect a FB penetrated the globe?

A

CT with orbits

17
Q

What is keratitis?

A

Diffuse, superficial punctate keratitis

18
Q

How often does conjunctivitis accompany orbital cellulitis?

A

Should not

19
Q

What is a hypopyon?

A

WBCs in the anterior chamber of the eye

20
Q

What is the most common precipitating factor of endophthalmitis?

A

Ocular surgery

21
Q

What is the treatment for endophthalmitis?

A

Intraocular and systemic abx

22
Q

What is the most common complication of a hyphema?

A

Rebleeding, which is usually worse than initial bleed

23
Q

What is the treatment for a hyphema? (4)

A
  • Bed rest with head elevated
  • Analgesics
  • Cycloplegics
  • reverse coagulation
24
Q

What is the treatment for an “8-ball” hyphema?

A

Surgery

25
Q

What is the treatment/workup for a globe rupture? (3)

A
  • Hard shield
  • Abx, tetanus
  • CT head
26
Q

What is the treatment for pingueculitis?

A

Replace tears

-Ophtho referral

27
Q

What is the treatment for acute angle-closure glaucoma?

A
  • IV carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
  • Beta-blocker ggt
  • osmotic diuresis
28
Q

What are the s/sx of optic neuritis?

A

Sudden, reduced vision, painful eye movements

29
Q

Which artery is usually responsible for a posterior bleed?

A

Sphenopalatine artery

30
Q

What is the disposition for a posterior bleed?

A

Admission for airway and cardiac monitoring

31
Q

What is the treatment for sialolithiasis/sialadenitis?

A
  • abx if infected.

- Sialogogues

32
Q

What are the three general/broad etiologies of parotitis?

A
  • infectious
  • Blockage
  • Autoimmune
33
Q

What is a periapical abscess of the tooth?

A

Abscess at the bottom-most portion (apex) of the tooth

34
Q

What is pulpitis?

A

Cellulitis of the tooth that leads to an apical abscess

35
Q

What is a periodontal abscess?

A

Abscess around the tooth, really a gingival abscess, not an abscess of the tooth itself

36
Q

What is pericoronitis?

A

Abscess around the tooth

37
Q

What is the major risk associated with abscesses on the upper part of the mouth?

A

Can spread to the infraorbital space, progressing to cavernous sinus thrombosis

38
Q

What is the treatment for infraorbital space abscesses?

A

Pull tooth

39
Q

What is alveolar osteitis?

A

Dry socket–clot falls off of an open socket, causing a localized osteomyelitis

Hippos (23 decks)

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