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Derm Flashcards

1
Q

What diseases should be in the ddx if there are recurrent aphthous ulcers?

A

IBD
Celiacs
Becets

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2
Q

What is the treatment for herpes gingivostomatitis?

A

IBU/tylenol
hydration
acyclovir

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3
Q

Who gets herpes gingivostomatitis? Why?

A

Children, since this only occurs with the first episode

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4
Q

If gingivostomatitis presents in adults, how does this differ form presentation in kids?

A

More posterior in the posterior oropharynx

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5
Q

What is the treatment for herpetic whitlow?

A

Supportive care

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6
Q

How do you differentiate between aphthous ulcers vs herpes labialis?

A

Herpes will be along the vermillion border, whereas aphthous ulcers will be in the oropharynx

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7
Q

What are the red/brown dots that are characteristic of warts (verruca vulgaris)?

A

Thrombosed capillary loops

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8
Q

How do you differentiate between a callus vs a wart?

A

Dermatoglyphic will be intact with a callus, whereas they will be distorted with a wart

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9
Q

Genital warts in children = ?

A

Sexual abuse

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10
Q

How do you differentiate between condyloma accuminata vs condyloma lata?

A

Lata = wet, soft , velvety = syphilis

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11
Q

What are the three C’s of measles?

A

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis (Koplik spots)

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12
Q

How does the rash of Measles spread and resolve?

A

Head to feet, coalesces, then disappears in the order is came

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13
Q

What is the treatment for measles?

A

Supportive care or IgM if immunocompromised. Should get better in 1-2 weeks

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14
Q

What is the diagnostic test for measles?

A

Serum IgM + RNA PCR of saliva, serum, urine

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15
Q

What are the skin findings of scarlet fever? (4)

A
  • Pastia lines
  • Sandpaper rash the desquamates
  • Strawberry tongue
  • Circumoral pallor
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16
Q

How does the rash in rubella differ from rubeola?

A

Rash does not darken like measles

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17
Q

How long does rubella vs rubeola last?

A 
Rubella = 3 days
Rubeola = weeks
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18
Q

What are forchheimer spots?

A

Palatal petechiae seen in rubella (also seen with strep pharyngitis)

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19
Q

What is erythema infectiosum? Presentation? Treatment?

A

Slapped cheek syndrome caused by parvovirus

  • Slapped cheeks, lacy rash with circumoral pallor
  • GSC
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20
Q

Who should kids with erythema infectiosum avoid?

A

SCC or pregnant pts

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21
Q

What is erythema subitum (sixth disease)? Presentation? Treatment?

A
  • High fever for several days, then morbilliform rash forms with defervescence
  • gsc
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22
Q

Pruritic dew drops on a rose petal in different stages = ?

A

VZV

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23
Q

What is the treatment for chickenpox?

A

gsc or acyclovir if immunosuppressed or older than 12 yo

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24
Q

How does herpangina present compared to coxsackievirus?

A

High fever with papulovesicles in the posterior oropharynx

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25
Q

How do you differentiate herpangina vs HSV that involves the posterior oropharynx?

A

Many more lesions with HSV than with herpangina

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26
Q

What medication can be given to older pts in anaphylaxis who do not respond to epi?

A

Glucagon

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27
Q

What is the appearance of erythema multiforme?

A

Target lesions that involves palms and soles

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28
Q

What is the major viral cause of erythema multiforme?

A

HSV

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29
Q

True or false: erythema multiforme does not involve the mucosa

A

True, for the most part

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30
Q

True or false: SJS and TEN do not involve the mucosa

31
Q

IS SJS/TEN nikolsky sign positive or negative?

32
Q

What TBSA distinguishes TEN from SJS?

A

Less than 10% for SJS vs greater than 30% for TEN

33
Q

What IV therapy may benefit SJS/TEN (not IVFs)?

34
Q

What is the classic abx that causes SJS?

35
Q

Describe the following for staph scalded skin syndrome:

  • Nikolsky
  • Painful?
  • mucous membrane involvement
  • Tense or flaccid bullae
A
  • Positive nikolsky
  • Very painful
  • No mucus membrane involvement
  • Flaccid bullae
36
Q

What is and is NOT the treatment for staph scalded skin syndrome?

A
  • Anti-staph abx

- NO steroids

37
Q

What are the three phases of staph scalded skin syndrome?

A
  • Tender erythroderma
  • Exfoliation
  • Desquamation
38
Q

What are the characteristics of the rash with meningococcemia?

A

Palpable purpura with dusky, necrotic centers

39
Q

What is the classic presentation of necrotizing fasciitis?

A 
POOP
BUllae with crepitance
Rapid progression
Systemic toxicity
DIrty dishwater discharge
40
Q

How does the rash of Rocky mountain spotty fever progress?

A

Wrists and ankles, spreads inward

41
Q

What is the treatment for RMSF?

A

Doxycycline

42
Q

What is the natural history of RMSF?

A

MSOF in many

43
Q

What are the components of the mnemonic “Sifting Rocks scabbed Emma’s Palms”, to help remember the rashes that involve the palms?

A 
Syphilis
RMSF
Scabies
Erythema multiforme
PALMS
44
Q

Which has a positive Nikolsky sign: pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid?

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

45
Q

Which has tense bullae, and which has flaccid bullae: pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid?

A 
Flaccid = PV
Tense = BP
46
Q

What is the treatment for pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Parkland formula, admit, steroids

47
Q

Which involves mucus membranes: PV or BP?

48
Q

What is the treatment for BP?

49
Q

What is the difference in natural history of PV vs BP?

A

PV dies

BP typically do not

50
Q

What is the presentation of toxic shock syndrome?

A
  • Fever
  • Shock with MSOF
  • Erythroderma
51
Q

What is purpura fulminans?

A

Loss of protein C leads to diffuse coagulopathy, causing clots to forms everywhere

52
Q

What is the presentation associated with purpura fulminans?

A
  • Fever
  • Shock
  • Hemorrhagic skin necrosis with widespread ecchymosis
53
Q

What is the treatment for purpura fulminans?

A
  • Tx underlying cause
  • Transfuse
  • Admit
54
Q

What is the presentation of disseminated gonococcus? (rash, s/sx)

A
  • 10-20 Petechiae/necrotic pustules that are gunmetal gray
  • Suppurative arthritis
  • Flu like symptoms
55
Q

What are the highest yielding cultures for disseminated gonococcus?

A
  • Cervix/penis

- throat

56
Q

What is the treatment for impetigo?

57
Q

What is the presentation of bullous impetigo? Treatment?

A
  • Impetigo that is bullous

- Mupirocin

58
Q

What is the treatment for erysipelas?

59
Q

What is a kerion? Treatment?

A
  • Deep boggy abscess of fungal infx of the scalp

- Oral antifungals (DO NOT I+D)

60
Q

Molluscum contagiosum in adults = what other infection?

61
Q

What is the presentation of scabies? Treatment?

A
  • Pruritic papules in the intertriginous or interdigital web spaces
  • Permethrin or ivermectin
62
Q

What is the presentation of pediculosis (lice)? Treatment?

A
  • Intensely pruritic macules/wheals

- Permethrin

63
Q

What anatomically does atopic dermatitis typically present?

A

Flexural surfaces

64
Q

What other infection must be considered with seborrheic dermatitis?

65
Q

How does basal cell carcinoma present?

A

Painless pink pearly papules with telangiectasias

66
Q

What does squamous cell cancer look like?

A

Ulcerated center with firm-raised borders

67
Q

Diameter over what is concerning for melanoma?

68
Q

What does Kaposi’s sarcoma look like? Painful or painless? Pruritic?

A

Red/purple plaques/papules that are painless, nonpruritic

69
Q

What is the treatment for Kaposi’s sarcoma?

A

Treat underlying HIV

70
Q

How does erythema nodosum present? Painful? Where on the body does it typically occur?

A

Discreet painful red/violet nodues over the tibia (classically)

71
Q

What is the etiology of erythema nodosum? Treatment?

A
  • Idiopathic/drugs/inf/sarcoid

- Supportive care

72
Q

What is the classic presentation of pityriasis? Pruritic? Treatment?

A
  • Flu like illness followed by herald patches, then christmas tree pattern papules on the back
  • Can be itchy
  • r/o and treat syphilis. o/w supportive
73
Q

What is the way to differentiate sebaceous cysts vs lipomas on exam?

A

Slippage sign positive with lipomas

Hippos (23 decks)

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