ENT Flashcards
Acute sinusitis is most commonly caused by which two pathogens
Strep Pneumoniae and Haemophilus Influenzae
Oral Herpes is best treated with systemic or topical antivirals
Topical is the first line. Systemic antivirals will help but are only indicated for severe cases
A patient presents with several episodes of vertigo over the past few weeks. He has intermittent unilateral hearing loss and a “Blowing” in his ears. What is the most likely diagnosis ?
Meniere’s disease
A white oral lesion which cannot be scraped off should make you think of what diagnosis
oral leukoplakia
what type of hearing loss is associated with aging
sensory
Which is the most commonly affected sinus in acute sinusitis
Maxillary
A patient presents with a hot potato or muffled voice. what is the most commonly diagnosis
Peritonisillar abscess
what time frame are we talking about for chronic sinusitis
> 3 months
List the time of year when each of the following allergens is most prominent: Pollen, grass, mold, and ragweed
Pollen from trees and flowers = spring, grasses are the summer, mold and ragweed are fall
How long should pressure be applied to treat epistaxis
15 minutes
List the four things that suggest group A beta-hemolytic strep in a patient with pharyngitis
Fever, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, no cough, and exudate in throat
A child presenting with an erythematous sandpaper rash should make you think of what diagnosis
scarlet fever
In a patient with sensineuiral hearing loss, what will be the results of the weber test
the patient will hear the sound louder in the unaffected ear
list four complications of untreated strep throat
scarlet fever, glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever, and local abscess
A patient presents with a round ulcer in her mouth that is yellow-grey and has a red halo. It is on the buccal mucosa and it is painful. What is the most likely diagnosis
Aphthous ulcers
A patient presents drooling, with stridor and in tripod position. What diagnosis, and how do you treat is ?
Epiglottis is treated with a third generation cephalosporin and Ceftrixone
White oral lesions which can be scraped off leaving punctuate bleeding should make you think of what diagnosis
oral candida
What are three possible treatments for peritonsillar abscess
Needle aspiration, I&D and tonsillectomy
What virus causes mumps
Paramyxovirus
How do you treat allergic rhinitis
Intranasal corticosteriods and antihistamines
What is the treatment of choice for strep throat
Penicillin, Amoxicillin, erythromycin
A patient presents with unilateral hearing loss and a decrease in speech discrimination. She has also had difficulty with balance over the past week. What is the most likely diagnosis
Acoustic Neuroma
A patient presents with acute swelling and pain in the cheek that increases at meals, What is the most likely diagnosis
Sialadentis (Salivary gland infection)
-staph aureus
When is watchful waiting with a diagnosis of acoustic neuroma an appropriate plan
This tumor is very slow growing. Watching a small tumor in an elderly patient is appropriate treatment
What type of hearing loss would be caused by cerumen impaction
Conductive
How do you administer the Weber hearing test
Tuning fork placed in the middle of the forehead
a 14 year old field hockey player presents with prominent adenopathy, white purple exudates in the throat and a palpable spleen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Mononucleosis
How do you administer the Rinne hearing test
Place the tuning fork on the mastoid and then move it to the ear
Describe the result of a Weber hearing test in a patient with conductive hearing loss
Patient will report the sound louder in the affected ear
An x-ray of the skull reveals coalescence of mastoid air cells. What is the most likely diagnosis
Mastoiditis
After 10 days of worsening sinusitis what antibiotic should you start
Augmentin
A 45 year old female complains of feeling the ground rolling under her feet at times. What is the most likely diagnosis
Vertigo
A patient with a history of smoking presents with a new onset hoarseness. This has been persistent for the past two weeks. What is the most likely diagnosis
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
A patient presents with acute onset of continuous severe vertigo for the past 5 days. He does have a history of URI 2 weeks ago. What is the most likely diagnosis
Labrynthitis
What does Kiesselbach’s plexus refer to
A group of vein’s in the anterior nose which bleeds a lot
small grouped vesicles on the vermilion border should make you think of what diagnosis
Herpes
