ENT

Question 1

tx for otitis externa

Answer 1

clean ear canal
steroid and antibiotic drops into ear canal (not systemic abx),
can consider anti-fungal

Question 2

what bugs cause AOM

Answer 2

strep pneumonia
haemophilus influenzae
moraxella catarrhalis

Question 3

conductive hearing loss with normal otoscopy. dx?

Answer 3

otosclerosis

Question 4

what bugs cause otitis externa

Answer 4

psudomonas aeruginosa

aspergillus

Question 5

tx of AOM

Answer 5

abx
analgesia
stuff like vics to help with URTI sx

Question 6

tx of otitis media with effusion

Answer 6

abx for 14 days

if not resolved –> ENT referral for hearing assessment and ?Grommets

Question 7

what is chronic suppurative otitis media?

Answer 7

perforated tympanic membrane with persistent drainage from the middle ear

Question 8

what is a complication of chronic suppurative otitis media

Answer 8

cholesteatoma formation –> requires mastoidectomy and tympanic membrane surgery

Question 9

how do you tell if someone has peripheral (vestibular canal) dizziness?

Answer 9

rotatory vertigo
nystagmus
ear symptoms (hearing loss/tinnitus)
n&v

Question 10

how do you know if someone has central dizziness (brain/spinal cord)

Answer 10

unsteadiness
lightheadedness
consider: vascular, proprioception, visual

Question 11

peripheral vertigo that lasts seconds

dx?

Answer 11

BPPV

- do hallpike manoeuvre to confirm

Question 12

peripheral vertigo lasting minutes

dx?

Answer 12

Meniere’s disease

• 20min
• assoc tinnitus, n&v, fluctuating hearing loss

Question 13

peripheral vertigo lasting >24hrs

Answer 13

vestibular failure

e. g.
- vestibular neuronitis (bed ridden, slow improvement over 1-2 weeks)
- skull fracture into cochlea
- labyrinthitis