ENT Flashcards
Ototoxic drugs
Amino glycosides
Loop diuretics
Cisplatin
What is the centor criteria?
For assessing whether antibiotics are indicated in sore throat
Presence of pus on tonsils
Fever
No cough
Tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy or lymphadenitis
3/4 - give antibiotics
Duration of otitis media
4 days
Duration of acute sore throat
1 week
Duration of common cold
1 1/2 weeks
Duration of acute rhinosinusitis
2 1/2 weeks
Duration of acute cough/acute bronchitis
3 weeks
Cases of tympanic perforation
Infection
Barotrauma
Direct trauma
Management of perforated tympanic membrane
No treatment - keep dry
Antibiotics if the cause is infection
If it doesn’t heal - myringoplastyy
Tinnitus differentials
Menieres Otosclerosis Acoustic neuroma Hearing loss: loud noise, presbycusis Drugs: quinine, loop diuretics, aminoglycosides, aspirin
Pulsatile tinnitus
Glomus jugulare tumour
Indications for tonsillectomy
7 or more in one year
5 each year for 2 years
3 a year for 3 years
Menieres symptoms
Vertigo
tinnitus
fluctuating hearing loss
sense of aural fullness
Menieres treatment
No cure
Acute - antihistamine
Prophylaxis - low salt diet/ betahistine
BPV investigation and treatment
test - dix-hallpike
treatment - Epley manoeuvre
Acute labyrinthitis treatment
Prochlorperazine
noise damage hearing loss
frequencies worse at 3000-6000 hz
Otosclerosis inheritance
AD
20-40 years presentation
Samters triad
Asthma
Aspirin hypersensitivity
Nasal polyposis
Black hairy tongue
= defective desquamation of filiform papillae
Swab tongue to exclude candida
Px: tongue scrape - and topical antifungal
