ENT Flashcards
What causes the tearing up of allergic rhinitis?
The xs production of mucus blocks or occludes the nasolacrimal duct causing tears to back up
Allergic rhinitis is increasingly common in what two sub-conditions?
Asthma or eczema
How does xs mucous production affect the ears?
Mucous can block the Eustachian tube of the ear causing stuffy ears
Why does sneezing occur in allergic rhinitis?
xs mucous production causes the mucosa to swell and this causes nerve fibers in the nasopharynx to become irritated causing sneezing
What is pruritis?
itchy skin
A pt has nasal polyps, and pale mucosa what do you suspect?
Allergic rhinitis
Where would you find allergic shiners?
under the eyes
When would an ELISA test be considered over a skin test in allergin testing?
Hx of severe rxn to small exposures of allergins
inability to dc certain meds
food allergies
What is the basic tx of Allergic rhinitis?
avoid allergin
nasal saline irrigation
medication
A pt suffers from asthma, and sleep disturbances in addition to sneezing, nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and rhinorrhea? He cannot tell you what triggers it. What is the most likely dx to consider?
Non-allergic rhinitis
What are some triggers of none allergic rhinitis?
spicy food
hot food
weather changes (temp/humidity)
inhaled irritants (smoke, perfume etc)
What is the tx for None allergic rhinitis ?
topical antihistamines
topical intranasal glucocorticoids
When is the peak period for the shedding of the common cold ?
2-3 days after inoculation
What virus type makes up the biggest portion of acute viral rhinitis?
1st rhinoviruses
2nd coronaviruses
3rd influenza
What characteristics indicate viral rhinitis?
fever malaise headache watery dc erythematous nasal mucosa
Tx for viral rhinitis?
supportive
analgesics
decongestants
nasal irrigations
What things are ineffective for tx viral rhinitis causes?
antibiotics
antihistamines
herbal shit
vitamins
What is rhinitis medicamentosa? How do you tx?
inflammation caused by the use of nasal decongestant spray
Stop the offending agent
Pt tells you that they have been using Afrin to clear their nose congestion 6x a day. You observe that there is red swollen nasal mucosa. What is the dx?
rhinitis medicamentosa
Rhinosinusitis lasts less than four weeks how do you classify it?
acute
Pt has 5 acute bouts of Rhinosinusitis a year what does he have?
recurrent acute Rhinosinusitis
Antihistamines have anticholinergic effects so, What are anticholinergic side effects?
anti-Sludg Salivation lacrimation urination defecation gastric emptying
What clinical finding is quit common in chronic allergies?
Nasal polyps
What two drug types should not be combined in treating allergic rhinitis?
oral antihistamines and intranasal steroid
