ENT

Question 1

What causes the tearing up of allergic rhinitis?

Answer 1

The xs production of mucus blocks or occludes the nasolacrimal duct causing tears to back up

Question 2

Allergic rhinitis is increasingly common in what two sub-conditions?

Answer 2

Asthma or eczema

Question 3

How does xs mucous production affect the ears?

Answer 3

Mucous can block the Eustachian tube of the ear causing stuffy ears

Question 4

Why does sneezing occur in allergic rhinitis?

Answer 4

xs mucous production causes the mucosa to swell and this causes nerve fibers in the nasopharynx to become irritated causing sneezing

Question 5

What is pruritis?

Answer 5

itchy skin

Question 6

A pt has nasal polyps, and pale mucosa what do you suspect?

Answer 6

Allergic rhinitis

Question 7

Where would you find allergic shiners?

Answer 7

under the eyes

Question 8

When would an ELISA test be considered over a skin test in allergin testing?

Answer 8

Hx of severe rxn to small exposures of allergins
inability to dc certain meds
food allergies

Question 9

What is the basic tx of Allergic rhinitis?

Answer 9

avoid allergin
nasal saline irrigation
medication

Question 10

A pt suffers from asthma, and sleep disturbances in addition to sneezing, nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and rhinorrhea? He cannot tell you what triggers it. What is the most likely dx to consider?

Answer 10

Non-allergic rhinitis

Question 11

What are some triggers of none allergic rhinitis?

Answer 11

spicy food
hot food
weather changes (temp/humidity)
inhaled irritants (smoke, perfume etc)

Question 12

What is the tx for None allergic rhinitis ?

Answer 12

topical antihistamines

topical intranasal glucocorticoids

Question 13

When is the peak period for the shedding of the common cold ?

Answer 13

2-3 days after inoculation

Question 14

What virus type makes up the biggest portion of acute viral rhinitis?

Answer 14

1st rhinoviruses
2nd coronaviruses
3rd influenza

Question 15

What characteristics indicate viral rhinitis?

Answer 15

fever 
malaise
headache
watery dc
erythematous nasal mucosa

Question 16

Tx for viral rhinitis?

Answer 16

supportive
analgesics
decongestants
nasal irrigations

Question 17

What things are ineffective for tx viral rhinitis causes?

Answer 17

antibiotics
antihistamines
herbal shit
vitamins

Question 18

What is rhinitis medicamentosa? How do you tx?

Answer 18

inflammation caused by the use of nasal decongestant spray

Stop the offending agent

Question 19

Pt tells you that they have been using Afrin to clear their nose congestion 6x a day. You observe that there is red swollen nasal mucosa. What is the dx?

Answer 19

rhinitis medicamentosa

Question 20

Rhinosinusitis lasts less than four weeks how do you classify it?

Answer 20

acute

Question 21

Pt has 5 acute bouts of Rhinosinusitis a year what does he have?

Answer 21

recurrent acute Rhinosinusitis

Question 22

Antihistamines have anticholinergic effects so, What are anticholinergic side effects?

Answer 22

anti-Sludg
Salivation
lacrimation
urination
defecation
gastric emptying

Question 23

What clinical finding is quit common in chronic allergies?

Answer 23

Nasal polyps

Question 24

What two drug types should not be combined in treating allergic rhinitis?

Answer 24

oral antihistamines and intranasal steroid